碱煮钨渣吸附氟的特征及机制研究  

The Characteristics and Mechanism of Fluorine Adsorption by Alkali-boiled Tungsten Residue

作　　者：刘德刚[1,2] 廖春发 徐国钻[2] 陈震韬 何秉轩 周锋 梁勇 LIU Degang;LIAO Chunfa;XU Guozuan;CHEN Zhentao;HE Bingxuan;ZHOU Feng;LIANG Yong(Department of Materials Metallurgy Chemistry,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China;Chongyi Zhangyuan Tungsten Co.,Ltd.,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学材料冶金化学学部,江西赣州341000 [2]崇义章源钨业股份有限公司,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《中国钨业》2022年第6期53-59,共7页China Tungsten Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题(2019YFC1907404);江西省教育厅科学技术项目(GJJ200813);江西理工大学高层次人才科研启动项目(205200100509);江西理工大学清江青年英才支持计划(JXUSTQJBJ2017004);江西省自然科学基金资助重点项目(20202ACBL204002)。

摘　　要：中国是钨生产大国,碱分解-离子交换法分解钨精矿制取仲钨酸铵是目前常用工艺,但该工艺将产生大量含氟废水,导致严重的环境问题。为了降低钨冶炼废水处理成本,基于“以废治废”的理念,提出了利用钨冶炼产生的碱煮钨渣净化钨冶炼废水技术,但氟的脱除机制尚不明确。本研究通过对碱煮钨渣吸附氟的吸附等温线、吸附动力学研究,表明碱煮钨渣对氟的最佳吸附pH为1.0,最大饱和吸附量为12.59 mg/g,氟吸附过程更符合Freundlich等温模型,以多分子层非均一表面化学吸附为主,且符合准二级动力学模型。通过XRD、FTIR等表征手段对碱煮钨渣吸附前后的分析表明,碱煮钨渣中的钙化合物在酸性条件下与H^(+)反应生成Ca^(2+),并进一步与PO_(4)^(3-)、F^(-)离子生成CaF_(2)、Ca_(5)(PO_(4))_(3)F等难溶物。China is the largest production of tungsten in the world.Nowadays,the alkali-boiled and ion exchange process is applied to produce ammonium paratungstate from tungsten concentrate.However,this method produced a large amount of fluorinated wastewater,leading to serious environmental problems.In order to reduce the cost of tungsten smelting wastewater treatment,based on the concept of“Treating waste with other waste”,the technology of treatment tungsten smelting wastewater with alkali-boiled tungsten residue is proposed,but the mechanism of fluoride is still unclear.The adsorption isotherm and adsorption kinetics of fluoride by alkali-boiled tungsten residue is studied.The results showed that the optimal adsorption pH is 1.0,and the maximum saturation adsorption capacity is 12.59 mg/g.The fluorine adsorption process is more consistent with Freundlich isothermal model,which confirmed chemisorption is the main adsorption method performed on heterogeneous surface of multi-molecular layer,and the adsorption process accords with quasi-second-order kinetic model.The XRD,FTIR analysis were used to characterize the alkali-boiled tungsten residue before and after adsorption.The results showed that calcium compounds in alkali boiled tungsten residue react with H+under acidic conditions to form Ca^(2+),and then further react with PO_(4)^(3-)and F^(-)ions to form CaF_(2),Ca_(5)(PO_(4))_(3)F and other insoluble substances.

关 键 词：碱煮钨渣 氟 动力学 吸附模型 吸附机制 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TF841.1[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X703