百米级气象数值模拟研究进展与展望  

Hectometer scale meteorological numerical simulation:a systematic literature review and future development trends

作　　者：马小娇 陈敏 黄向宇[1,3] 苗世光 李玉焕 MA XiaoJiao;CHEN Min;HUANG XiangYu;MIAO ShiGuang;LI YuHuan(Institute of Urban Meteorology,China Meteorology Administration,Beijing 100089,China;Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]北京城市气象研究院,北京100089 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [3]中国气象局城市气象重点开放实验室,北京100089

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2023年第5期1911-1930,共20页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41805011);青年北京学者计划(2018-007);北京市自然科学基金项目(8222050)共同资助。

摘　　要：21世纪开始,随着天气气候模式和超算机计算能力的发展,加之气象精细化预报服务需求日益增长,气象数值模拟迈入"百米级"发展阶段.本文系统回顾并归纳了近20年来百米级气象数值模式研发和模拟应用两方面的研究进展.重点关注百米级大气模式资料同化和浅积云对流、云微物理、边界层和城市陆面等物理参数化方案的研发进展,以及模式对天气系统、边界层特征、降水、雾和城市化效应的模拟研究.基于百米级模式的研发和应用现状,指出该研究领域的五个重点发展方向,包括有限域高分辨率资料同化方法、云和边界层作用反馈、百米级城市陆面模式、人工智能方法对参数化方案的改进、模式分辨率与计算资源的平衡配置,以期为系统开展百米级气象数值模拟研究与应用提供参考.Since the beginning of the 21st century,with the development of weather and climate models and supercomputing capabilities,coupled with an increasing demand for refined weather forecasting services,meteorological numerical simulation has entered the hectometer scale development stage.This paper systematically reviews and summarizes the research progress in the development and simulation applications of hectometer scale meteorological numerical models in the past two decades.The focus is on the developments of hectometer scale data assimilation and physical parameterizations such as shallow cumulus convection,cloud microphysics,boundary layer and urban land surface,as well as model simulation studies on weather system,boundary layer characteristics,precipitation,fog,and urbanization effect.Based on the development and application status of hectometer scale simulation,five key directions for future research are pointed out,including high-resolution data assimilation methods for finite area,cloud and boundary layer feedback,urban land surface model,artificial intelligence development to improve physical parameterization and the balance between the configuration of model resolution and computing resources.The article is expected to provide a reference for more systematic research and applications of hectometer scale meteorological modeling.

关 键 词：百米级 气象数值模拟 资料同化 物理方案 研究展望 

分 类 号：P435[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]