一处出土物临时库房真菌病害的调查与治理  

Investigation and treatment of the fungal diseases in a temporary storage room for unearthed artifacts

作　　者：罗强 任建库 张旭涛 陈璐 Luo Qiang;Ren Jianku;Zhang Xutao;Chen lu

机构地区：[1]秦始皇帝陵博物院,陕西西安710600 [2]陶质彩绘文物保护国家文物局重点科研基地,陕西西安710600

出　　处：《文博》2023年第2期90-96,共7页

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目“秦兵马俑粘接材料服役性能评价研究及其应用示范”(项目编号:2021ZDLSF06-01);秦始皇帝陵博物院青年开放课题项目“两处博物馆土遗址微生物群落特征及菌害成因比较研究”(项目编号:Qkfkt202106)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文对一处出土物临时库房真菌病害进行采样分析与治理,采用无菌采样、显微观察、ITS测序和聚类分析等方法进行研究,采取雾化喷洒真菌抑制剂进行出土物临时库房的真菌病害治理。从4处采样点共采集10份样品(包含3处验证样品),其中8份样品(含1处验证样品)中共分离得到18株病害真菌。经过鉴定,包括青霉属(Penicillium)真菌7株、曲霉属(Aspergillus)真菌10株和刺囊壳属(Ascotricha)真菌1株。对测序结果进行聚类分析,并结合环境条件,尝试解释该出土物临时库房内真菌病害蔓延及发展趋势,为其真菌病害的防范与治理提供方向。The study applies methods such as aseptic sampling,microscopic observation,ITS sequencing,and cluster analysis to examine and treat a fungal disease in a temporary storage room for unearthed artifacts.A fungal inhibitor was sprayed in the storage room to control the fungal disease.A total of 10 samples were collected from four sampling points(including three validation samples),and 18 strains of pathogenic fungi were isolated from eight samples(including one validation sample).These pathogenic fungi included seven strains of Penicillium,ten strains of Aspergillus,and one strain of Ascotricha.Cluster analysis was performed on the sequencing results and combined with environmental conditions to explain the spread and development trend of the fungal disease in the temporary storage room.This study provides direction for the prevention and treatment of fungal diseases in such storage facilities.

关 键 词：出土物临时库房 真菌病害 治理 

分 类 号：K854[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]