储能薄膜电容器介电高分子材料  

Dielectric Polymer Materials for Energy Storage Film Capacitors

作　　者：王琦桐[1] 丁嘉乐 赵丹莹 张云鹤[1] 姜振华[1] Qitong Wang;Jiale Ding;Danying Zhao;Yunhe Zhang;Zhenhua Jiang(College of Chemistry,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学化学学院,长春130012

出　　处：《化学进展》2023年第1期168-176,共9页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51973080,92066104)资助。

摘　　要：高功率密度、高充放电效率以及超长使用寿命等特点是聚合物薄膜电容器能够广泛应用于电动汽车、智能电网等各类电子电气领域中的重要原因。其中,介电高分子材料因其质轻、击穿强度高、易大规模加工等优点赋予了薄膜电容器更多的可能性。但同时,介电高分子的介电常数普遍较低,导致所制备的电容器能量密度偏低因而不能更好地适应设备小型化轻型化的要求。本文概述了电介质以及薄膜电容器的基本原理以及性能参数,着重介绍了以储能为主要研究方向的介电高分子材料,主要包括聚合物基纳米复合介电高分子、偶极玻璃聚合物、交联型介电高分子以及多组分全有机介电高分子。最后对介电高分子在制备性能优异的储能电容器过程中面临的多重挑战和潜在机遇进行了总结。High power density,high charge⁃discharge efficiency,and long service life are important reasons why polymer film capacitors can be widely used in electric vehicles,smart grids and other electrical and electronic fields.Among them,dielectric polymer materials endow film capacitors with more possibilities due to their light weight,high breakdown strength,and easy large⁃scale processing.However,the low dielectric constant of dielectric polymers which results in the low energy density of the prepared capacitors,fails the material meeting the requirements of miniaturization and lightening of equipment.This paper summarizes the basic principles and performance parameters of dielectrics and film capacitors,and focuses on the introduction of dielectric polymer materials with energy storage as the main research direction,mainly including polymer⁃based nanocomposite dielectric polymers,dipole glass polymer materials,cross⁃linked dielectric polymers and multi⁃component all⁃organic dielectric polymers.Finally,we summarize the multiple challenges and potential opportunities faced by dielectric polymers in the process of fabricating energy storage capacitors with excellent performance.

关 键 词：聚合物 电容器 介电材料 纳米复合材料 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]