地幔柱活动与东非裂谷开启的研究进展  

Review of mantle plume activity and the opening of the East African Rift

作　　者：孙凯 何胜飞 卢宜冠 张航 许康康 龚鹏辉 SUN Kai;HE Sheng-fei;LU Yi-guan;ZHANG Hang;XU Kang-kang;GONG Peng-hui(Tianjin Center,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300170,China;Mining institute of Southern Africa,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300170,China;North China Center for Geoscience Innovation Precambrian Research Centre,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300170,China;School of Earth Science and Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,天津300170 [2]中国地质调查局南部非洲矿业研究所,天津300170 [3]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《华北地质》2023年第1期61-70,共10页North China Geology

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目“非洲中东部大型铜-钴资源基地评价(DD20190439)”。

摘　　要：东非裂谷是世界上最典型的一条大陆裂谷,通常认为由东部分支和西部分支两部分组成。在总结前人研究成果的基础上,本文从地球物理、岩石学及地球化学等方面探讨了东非裂谷的演化与地幔柱的关系,提出大型不均一地幔柱上升过程中分异出两个浅部次级地幔柱的模型,分别对应埃塞俄比亚西北和图尔卡纳具有不同地球化学性质的岩浆作用。埃塞俄比亚西北的岩浆作用具有“普通”地幔的成分,表明阿法儿地幔柱是一个典型的热柱。图尔卡纳的岩浆作用则混染了古老再循环洋壳的成分,表明肯尼亚地幔柱热柱的属性已经被破坏。The East African Rift is the most typical continental rift in the world.It is generally believed that the rift consists of two parts:the East Branch and the West Branch.By summing up the previous research results,this paper discusses the relationship between the evolution of the East African Rift and the mantle plume in terms of geophysics,petrology and geochemistry.The models correspond to magmatism with different geochemical properties in northwest Ethiopia and Turkana,respectively.Finally,the possible patterns of the mantle plume under the East African Rift were discussed.

关 键 词：地幔柱 地球物理 岩石学 地球化学 大陆裂谷 

分 类 号：P588.124[天文地球—岩石学] P59[天文地球—地质学]