皮层局部环路结构与功能研究综述  

A Review of the Research on I ocal Cortical Circuit Structure and Function

作　　者：任泓安 孙乐 王晓群 谭韬[1] REN Hongan;SUN Le;WANG Xiaoqun;TAN Tao(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Rescarch,Institute of Primate Translational Medicine,Kunming Uniersity of Seience and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101 China;Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science,BNU IDG/MeGovem Institute for Brain Research,Beijng Normal University,Bejing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学非人灵长类生物医学国家重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [2]中国科学院生物物理研究所脑与认知国家重点实验室,北京100101 [3]首都医科大学北京脑重大疾病研究院,北京100069 [4]北京师范大学IDG/麦戈文脑科学研究院认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期103-111,共9页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81891001)。

摘　　要：神经元之间的连接不是随机的,细胞之间信息传递依赖特定的突触连接模式和相关功能.如今关于神经元环路的研究已经非常广泛,主要集中在大脑各个区域之间的远距离连接,但短距离连接的研究也不够充分.特别是对于皮层局部环路的研究,在处理行为和认知计算方面尤其重要.随着高通量三维电子显微镜成像和电生理技术的发展,使得研究突触连接的精细解剖和生理成为可能.综述了皮层微观尺度下局部环路结构和突触连接功能的研究,旨在从结构和功能的角度去认识皮层局部环路架构,了解神经信息传递的物理基础,推动类脑智能的进一步发展.Neurons do not connect randomly ,instead, information transmission between neurons is achievedthrough specifie synaptic structures and related functions. Extensive reseatch has been conducted on neuronalcircuits. , focusing on long - range connections between brain regions. However , local connectivity merits equal at-tention. Significantly , research on local cortical circuits plays a vital role in behavioral and cognitive processing.The development of high - throughput three - dimensional electron microscopy imaging and electrophysiologicaltechniques has enabled the study of the fine anatomy and physiology of synaptic connections. This article reviewsmicroscale research on the structure and synaptic functional connections of local cortical circuits , aiming to under-stand the construction of local cortical circuits from the perspectives of structure and function,conceptualize thephysical basis of neural information transmission , and advance the development of brain - inspired inelligence.

关 键 词：皮层环路 局部连接 突触功能 电子显微镜 电生理技术 膜片钳 

分 类 号：Q42[生物学—神经生物学]