一株假单胞菌对含蜡原油除蜡降黏效果分析  

Analysis on the Effect of a Pseudomonas Strain on Wax Removal and Viscosity Reduction of Waxy Crude Oil

作　　者：李承泽 赵东旭 王德阳 杜胜男[1] 王卫强[1] LI Cheng-ze;ZHAO Dong-xv;WANG De-yang;DU Sheng-nan;WANG Wei-qiang(School of Oil and Gas Engineering,Liaoning Petrochemical University,Fushun Liaoning 113001,China;Sinopec Sales Co.,Ltd.Liaoning Petroleum Branch,Shenyang Liaoning 110033,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学石油天然气工程学院,辽宁抚顺113001 [2]中国石化销售股份有限公司辽宁石油分公司,辽宁沈阳110033

出　　处：《当代化工》2023年第3期593-600,共8页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅项目(项目编号:L2020027)。

摘　　要：基于微生物清防蜡技术的优点,从大庆原油污染土壤中获得一株产脂肽类生物表面活性剂的烃降解菌(L-1),16S rRNA鉴定为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)。经该菌株作用5天,含蜡原油降解率达42.7%,拟合的降解动力学方程满足Monod方程的线性简化,平均降黏率达32.24%,除蜡率达42.00%,析蜡峰温降低3.91℃,析蜡点降低3.82℃。菌株代谢产物对液体石蜡乳化指数达41.25%,且液体石蜡发酵培养基表面张力降低39.60%。这说明L-1菌株的代谢产物能较好地乳化液体石蜡,降低油水界面张力;L-1菌株具有良好的含蜡原油降解能力和除蜡效率,在微生物清防蜡方面具有较大的应用潜力。Based on the advantages of microbial wax removal and prevention technology,a hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria(L-1)producing peptide lipid biosurfactants was obtained from Daqing crude oil contaminated soil,and its 16S rRNA was identified as Pseudomonas;After the action of this strain for 5 days,the degradation rate of waxy crude oil reached 42.7%,the fitted degradation kinetic equation satisfied the linear simplification of Monod equation,the average viscosity reduction rate reached 32.24%,the wax removal rate reached 42.00%,the wax precipitation peak temperature decreased by 3.91℃,and the wax precipitation point decreased 3.82℃;the emulsification index of the strain metabolites to liquid paraffin reached 41.25%,and the surface tension of the liquid paraffin fermentation medium decreased by 39.60%.It shows that the metabolites of L-1 strain can emulsify liquid paraffin well and reduce the oil-water interfacial tension;L-1 strain has good waxy crude oil degradation ability and wax removal efficiency,and has great application potential in microbial wax removal and prevention.

关 键 词：生物表面活性剂 降解动力学方程 含蜡原油 微生物清防蜡 微生物除蜡降黏 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]