OsNRAMP5基因突变低镉型臻两优8612的试验示范及关键栽培技术  

Experimental Demonstration and Key Cultivation Techniques of OsNRAMP5 Gene Mutant Low Cadmium Type Zhenliangyou 8612

作　　者：毛毕刚[1,2] 韶也 唐丽 薛华良[3] 李进 黄国龙[4] 孙耿 李建武[1] 周昆[6] 刘洋 彭彦 邓述东[7] 李曜魁 彭选明 许靖波[1] 柏连阳 赵炳然[1] MAO Bigang;SHAO Ye;TANG Li;XUE Hualiang;LI Jin;HUANG Guolong;SUN Geng;LI Jianwu;ZHOU Kun;LIU Yang;PENG Yan;DENG Shudong;LI Yaokui;PENG Xuanmin;XU Jingbo;BAI Lianyang;ZHAO Bingran(State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice,Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Heshan District,Yiyang,Hunan 413002,China;Zhuzhou Agricultural Research Institute,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412007,China;Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;Hunan Rice Research Institute,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;Shebu Town Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center,Xiangtan,Hunan 411216,China;Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南杂交水稻研究中心杂交水稻全国重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [2]海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口570228 [3]益阳市赫山区农业农村局,湖南益阳413002 [4]株洲市农业科学研究所,湖南株洲412007 [5]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,湖南长沙410125 [6]湖南省水稻研究所,湖南长沙410125 [7]湘潭县射埠镇农业综合服务中心,湖南湘潭411216 [8]湖南省农业科学院,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2023年第2期116-123,共8页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：科技“揭榜挂帅”湖南省重大科技攻关项目(2022NK 1010);湖南省岳麓山种业创新项目(2021NK1003);湖南省“三一工程”项目(湘财农指[2022]30号);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-01-01)。

摘　　要：在利用重离子诱变结合M_1TDS技术,培育出低镉型臻两优8612(国家镉低积累品种区试中的名称为“莲两优1号”,以下简称“莲两优1号”)基础上,2021—2022年进行多点试验。结果表明:莲两优1号具有稳定的镉低积累特性,在轻中度镉污染大田种植,稻米镉(Cd)不超标;锰(Mn)的吸收下降对其生长和产量没有明显影响;当土壤有效磷(P)极端缺乏时,莲两优1号在黄熟期开始出现叶尖落色变化,但其产量与对照差异不大。基于研究结果提出,推广OsNRAMP5基因突变型镉低积累水稻品种,首先要进行测土分析,选择轻中度镉污染大田(土壤总Cd含量≤1.5 mg/kg)种植;在水稻生长中后期,特别是对有效磷严重缺乏的田块,应结合病虫害防治喷施磷酸二氢钾,以促进壮籽增产;除种子公司提供高纯度种子和大田生产要注意田间除杂外,即便是镉低积累常规稻品种,也不建议农户自留种,以免因种子纯度问题造成稻谷Cd超标。On the basis of using heavy ion mutagenesis combined with M1TDS technology,the low cadmium type Zhenliangyou 8612(the name is"Lianliangyou 1"in the National Low Cadmium Accumulation Variety Regional Trial,so hereinafter it is referred to as"Lianliangyou 1")was developed and tested in multi-site experiments in 2021 and 2022.The results showed that Lianliangyou 1 had stable low accumulation of cadmium,and the cadmium content of rice was not exceeding the standard when planted in the field with light to moderate cadmium(Cd)pollution in the soil.The decrease of manganese(Mn)absorption had no significant effect on the growth and yield.When the soil available phosphorus(P)was extremely lacking,the leaf tip of Lianliangyou 1 began to have a change of fading color at the beginning of yellow ripening stage,but the yield was not much different from the control.Based on the research results,to promote OsNRAMP5 mutant rice varieties with low cadmium accumulation,soil analysis should be carried out first,and only light to moderate cadmium pollution fields(total soil Cd content≤1.5 mg/kg)should be chosen for planting.In the middle and late growth stage,especially in fields with serious shortage of available P,potassium dihydrogen phosphate combined with pest control can improve grain filling and yield increase.In addition to high purity seeds provided by seed companies,attention should be paid to removing the impurities in the field.Even for conventional rice varieties with low cadmium accumulation,farmers are not advised to keep seeds for planting by themselves,so as to avoid excessive Cd of rice due to seed purity problems.

关 键 词：镉低积累水稻 臻两优8612 莲两优1号 关键栽培技术 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学] S318