湘北地区再生稻适宜生育期与高产形成特征  

Suitable Growth Duration and High-yielding Characteristics of Ratooning Rice in Northern Hunan

作　　者：贺慧 郑华斌[1,2] 王慰亲 唐启源[1,2] 陈元伟 唐承柱 HE Hui;ZHENG Huabin;WANG Weiqin;TANG Qiyuan;CHEN Yuanwei;TANG Chengzhu(Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]作物生理与分子生物学教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2023年第2期142-148,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家水稻产业技术体系岗位科学家(CRAS-01-27)。

摘　　要：通过系统比较并分析了113个中稻品种作为再生稻种植的生育期、产量及其构成因素和穗桩比之间的差异及其相关性,明确湘北地区再生稻适宜生育期与高产特征,为该地区再生稻种植提供理论依据和实践支撑。结果表明:2016—2020年,不同品种再生稻全生育期平均为211.3~220.7 d,其中头季为139.0~146.1 d,再生季为70.3~77.1 d;两季总产量平均为12.07~14.55 t/hm^(2),头季和再生季产量比为(6.0~7.0)︰(4.0~3.0);头季稻产量与单位面积颖花数呈极显著正相关,再生季产量与千粒重呈显著正相关,与结实率和穗桩比呈极显著正相关;以再生季安全齐穗期为界,徽两优898、黄华占、泰优390、桃优香占、隆晶优1号、恒丰优粤农丝苗、深两优475和泸优9803等籼稻品种适宜在湘北地区作为再生稻种植,表现出生育期适宜、周年产量高等再生稻高产特征。Through systematic comparison and analysis of 113 medium rice varieties as ratooning rice planting in the difference of growth duration,yield,yield components and ratio of panicle to stubble and their correlation,the suitable growth duration and high-yielding characteristics of ratooning rice in northern Hunan were defined to provide theoretical basis and practical support for ratooning rice planting in this area.The results showed that from 2016 to 2020,the average growth duration of different varieties of ratooning rice was 211.3 to 220.7 days,including 139.0 to 146.1 days in the first season and 70.3 to 77.1 days in the ratoon season;the average yield of the two seasons was 12.07~14.55 t/hm^(2),and the yield ratio of the first and ratoon seasons was(6.0~7.0):(4.0~3.0).The yield of first-season rice was very significantly positively correlated with spikelets per unit area,the yield of ratoon season was significantly positively correlated with 1000-grain weight,and very significantly positively correlated with the seed setting rate and the ratio of panicle to stubble.Based on the safe full heading stage for the ratoon season,the indica rice varieties such as Huiliangyou 898,Huanghuazhan,Taiyou 390,Taoyou Xiangzhan,Longjingyou 1,Hengfengyou Yuenongsimiao,Shenliangyou 475 and Luyou 9803 were suitable for planting as ratooning rice in northern Hunan,showing the characteristics of suitable growth duration and high annual yield of ratooning rice.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 湘北地区 再生稻 适宜生育期 高产 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学] S318