高山杜鹃褐斑病病原学研究  

Etiology of the pathogen causing brown leaf spot on Rhododendron lapponicum

作　　者：寸海春 何鹏搏 何鹏飞[1] 吴毅歆[1] Shahzad Munir 汤再祥 何月秋[1] CUN Haichun;HE Pengbo;HE Pengfei;WU Yixin;Shahzad Munir;TANG Zaixiang;HE Yueqiu(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Haida New Flower Landscape Horticultural Seed and Seedling Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 605233,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南海达新花景园艺种苗有限公司,云南昆明605233

出　　处：《菌物学报》2023年第3期707-718,共12页Mycosystema

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金(2017FB051);科技部国际合作项目(2009DFA32360)。

摘　　要：为明确引起高山杜鹃褐斑病的病原菌及其生物学特性,采用形态学及分子生物学方法对病原菌进行了鉴定,并采用平板培养法研究了该病菌的生物学特性,筛选了化学杀菌剂及生防细菌。形态特征及rDNA-ITS序列、β-tubulin基因和tef1基因序列分析结果表明,引起高山杜鹃褐斑病的病原菌为棒孢新拟盘多毛孢Neopestalotiopsis clavispora;该病原菌最适生长温度为25–28℃,适宜在偏酸性培养基上生长,最适碳、氮源分别为葡萄糖和牛肉膏,最适生长培养基为PDA。毒力测定结果表明,苯醚甲环唑、氟硅唑、氟环唑、戊唑醇及异菌脲对棒孢新拟盘多毛孢的EC50分别为0.7991、2.2756、2.7425、3.7366和4.8757 mg/L;实验室前期筛选出芽胞杆菌属的4株生防细菌,在室内处理离体叶10 d后,对褐斑病的防效达57.51%–75.97%。为研究高山杜鹃褐斑病的防控提供了科学依据。The pathogen causing brown leaf spot of Rhododendron lapponicum was identified bymorphological and molecular methods,and the biological characteristics of the pathogen were studied based on observation of plate cultures,and the fungicides and biocontrol agents were screened.The pathogen was identified as Neopestalotiopsis clavispora based on its morphological characteristics and rDNA-ITS,β-tubulin and tef1gene sequences.The mycelium grew at 25–28℃suitably and preferably in acidic medium.Glucose and beef paste were the best carbon and nitrogen sources for its mycelial growth,respectively.PDA was the best culture medium among 8 media tested.Toxicity bioassay showed that difenoconazole,flusilazole,epoxiconazole,tebuconazole and iprodione were the effective chemical fungicides with EC50 of 0.7991,2.2756,2.7425,3.7366 and 4.8757 mg/L,respectively.Four Bacillus isolates could antagonize the growth of mycelium and their control efficacy of the disease on detached leaves was 57.51%–75.97%.The results provided a scientific basis for the prevention and control of brown leaf spot of R.lapponicum.

关 键 词：高山杜鹃 褐斑病 棒孢新拟盘多毛孢 杀菌剂 生防菌 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]