稀土萃取分离技术方法研究  

Study on the Extraction Separation Methods of Rare Earth Elements

作　　者：贺亚飞 弓爱君[2] 孙金娥 He Yafei;Gong Aijun;Sun Jine(Department of Foundation Courses,Tianjin College,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Tianjin,301830;School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing,100083;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tianjin College,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Tianjin,301830;Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing,100083)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学天津学院基础部,天津301830 [2]北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院,北京100083 [3]北京科技大学天津学院材料科学与工程学院,天津301830 [4]北京科技大学新材料技术研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《化学通报》2023年第4期386-396,共11页Chemistry

基　　金：天津市教委科研计划项目——自然科学基金项目(2021KJ065);天津市大学生创新训练项目(202213898008)资助。

摘　　要：稀土在工业诸多领域中发挥着关键作用,在增材制造材料和介电材料等高新技术领域均显示出可期的应用前景。稀土元素的分离是衔接稀土资源与高性能稀土功能材料的关键过程,所以高效提纯稀土元素变得尤为重要。本文梳理了化学沉淀法、离子交换与吸附法、萃取色层法、溶剂萃取法、液膜分离法这些经典方法和化学气相传输法、氧化还原法、萃取沉淀法、微生物法、非平衡溶剂萃取法这些新技术方法的优缺点和适用性,侧重分析了这些技术方法在节能减排方面的最新研究情况,并展望了稀土分离提纯领域的重点发展方向,以期为稀土资源的绿色高效开发利用提供依据和借鉴。Rare earth(RE)plays a key role in many industrial fields and has promising application prospects in high-tech fields such as additive manufacturing materials and dielectric materials.The separation and purification of RE are key processes to connect rare earth resources with high-performance rare earth functional materials,so the efficient purification of RE is particularly important.In this paper,the advantages,disadvantages and applicabilities of classical methods such as chemical precipitation,ion exchange and adsorption,extraction chromatography and solvent extraction,liquid membrane separation and new methods such as chemical vapor transport,oxidationreduction method,extraction precipitation,microbial method,non-equilibrium solvent extraction method are reviewed.The latest research of these technologies and methods in terms of energy saving has been emphatically analyzed.The key development directions in the field of rare earth separation and purification are prospected.It is expected to provide a reference for the green and efficient utilization of rare earth resources.

关 键 词：稀土元素 萃取分离 提纯技术 

分 类 号：TQ133.3[化学工程—无机化工]