锂离子电池预锂化补锂策略研究进展  

Research Progress in Pre-Lithiation Strategies for Lithium-Ion Batteries

作　　者：宗菲菲 李世友[1] 东红 黄津 李春雷[1] Zong Feifei;Li Shiyou;Dong Hong;Huang Jin;Li Chunlei(Gansu Engineering Laboratory of Electrolyte Material for Lithium-ion Battery,College of Petrochemical Technology,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou,730050)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学石油化工学院、甘肃省锂离子电池电解液材料工程实验室,兰州730050

出　　处：《化学通报》2023年第4期397-404,共8页Chemistry

基　　金：甘肃省产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-18);甘肃省重点研发项目(21YF5GA079)资助。

摘　　要：锂离子电池(LIBs)因高能量密度和长循环寿命而被广泛用于储能电子产品、电动汽车等众多领域。然而,在锂离子电池首次充放电过程中,固体电解质界面(SEI)膜的形成会造成电解液发生不可逆分解、初始活性Li^(+)损失(ALL)和不可逆容量损失,会影响电池体系容量和能量密度的发挥,对于硅基负极电池体系而言尤为显著。基于这一问题,亟需开发各种补锂策略来降低活性锂损失,有效提高电池体系的首次库仑效率(ICE),从而实现更高的能量密度和循环稳定性。结合现阶段所做工作,从正负极角度出发,将预锂化补锂策略分为正极预锂化和负极预锂化,主要包括富锂正极材料、富锂预锂化试剂、惰性锂金属粉、含锂有机溶液等一系列预锂化补锂措施。通过系统的分类、比较与总结后,对预锂化以实现电池的高能量密度和长循环寿命提出建议,有助于为预锂化策略走向商业化提供启示。Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are widely used in energy storage electronics,electric vehicles and many other fields due to their high energy density and long cycle life.However,during the first charge-discharge process of lithium-ion batteries,the formation of the solid electrolyte interface(SEI)film will cause irreversible decomposition of the electrolyte,loss of initial active Li^(+)loss(ALL)and irreversible capacity loss,reducing the capacity and energy density of the battery system,especially for the silicon-based anode battery system.Based on this problem,it is urgent to develop various lithium supplementation strategies to reduce the loss of active lithium and effectively improve the initial coulombic efficiency(ICE)of the battery system,thereby achieving higher energy density and cycle stability.Combined with the work done at the present stage,from the perspective of positive and negative electrodes,the strategy of pre-lithiation and lithium replenishment is divided into positive and negative prelithiation,which mainly includes a series of pre-lithiation and lithium replenishment measures,such as Li-rich positive electrode materials,Li-rich pre-lithiation reagents,inert lithium metal powder and Li-containing organic solutions.After systematic classification,comparison and summary,some suggestions are made for pre-lithiation to achieve high energy density and long cycle life of batteries,which is helpful to provide enlightenment for the commercialization of the pre-lithiation strategy.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 高能量密度 预锂化 活性锂损失 首次库仑效率 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]