超声波辅助索氏提取法提取柚皮精油的工艺优化及其成分分析  

Study on extraction and composition analysis of extraction process for extracting essential oil from pomelo peel

作　　者：关嘉文 刘政 杨希国 韩金莲 王会 GUAN Jia-wen;LIU Zheng;YANG Xi-guo;HAN Jin-lian;WANG Hui

机构地区：[1]锦州医科大学,辽宁锦州121001 [2]辽宁省智慧安鲜物联网科技有限公司,辽宁沈阳110000 [3]盘锦宋大房食品有限公司,辽宁盘锦124000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第6期75-80,共6页Feed Research

摘　　要：试验旨在对柚皮精油的提取工艺进行优化以提高柚皮精油的产量。采用超声波辅助索氏提取法提取柚皮精油,探究影响超声波辅助索氏提取法提取柚皮精油的主要因素,通过单因素试验和响应面分析法确定其最佳提取工艺。结果显示,最佳提取工艺条件为液料比8 mL/g、索氏提取时间30 min、超声功率206 W、超声时间26 min,柚皮中香精油的提取率达1.36%。经气相色谱和质谱联机分析精油成分,鉴定出38种主要挥发性物质,包括烷烯烃类、醇类、醚类、酮类、酯类和酚类等物质,其中醚类占28.94%,酯类占19.82%,醇类占13.84%,酮类占12.57%,烷烯烃类占10.33%。抑菌活性研究表明,柚皮精油对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、黑曲霉菌均具有较强的抑菌活性。研究表明,研究可为柚皮精油在饲料中的应用提供参考。The study was to optimize the extraction process of pomelo peel essential oil and improve the yield of pomelo peel essential oil.The sonic-assisted soxhlet extraction method was used to extract pomelo peel essential oil,and the main factors affecting the extraction of pomelo peel essential oil by sonic-assisted Soxhlet extraction method were explored,and the single factor experiment and response surface analysis method were used to determine the best extraction process.The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were liquid to solid ratio 8 mL/g,soxhlet extraction time 30 min,ultrasonic power 206 W,ultrasonic time 26 min,the extraction rate of essential oil from pomelo peel could reach 1.36%.Through the on-line analysis of essential oil components by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry,38 major volatile substances were identified.The composition of pomelo peel essential oil was complex,including alkane olefin,alcohols,ethers,ketones,esters and phenols,among which ethers accounted for 28.94%,esters 19.82%,alcohols 13.84%and ketones 12.57%,alkane olefin accounted for 10.33%.Bacteriostatic activity studies showed that pomelo peel essential oil has strong bacteriostatic activity against Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Bacillus subtilis,and Aspergillus niger.The study indicates that the study can provide a reference for the application of pomelo peel essential oil in feed.

关 键 词：柚皮精油 超声波 索氏提取法 气相色谱-质谱法 最低抑菌浓度 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]