2020年贵港市职业病危害因素的调查分析  

Analysis of occupational hazard factors in Guigang in 2020

作　　者：覃冰兵[1] 匡增怡 庞娟 贝春华[2] 念冲生 何福海 QIN Bingbing;KUANG Zengyi;PANG Juan;BEI Chunhua;NIAN Chongsheng;HE Fuhai(Guigang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 537120,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵港市疾病预防控制中心,广西壮族自治区537120 [2]桂林医学院

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2023年第4期365-370,共6页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：贵港市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(2117019)。

摘　　要：目的了解贵港市职业病危害情况,为针对性地制订职业病监管对策提供科学基础依据。方法对贵港市2017—2019年1020家企业开展职业病危害因素现况研究,主要涉及采矿业,制造业,电力、燃气及水的生产和供应业3个门类。结果贵港市生产企业存在职业病危害因素的992家,企业暴露率为97.25%,接触人数13199人,暴露率为36.12%,暴露人数主要分布微小规模企业,行业主要分布制造业,地区以港北区为主,经济类型以内资企业为主。不同企业规模、行业、分布地区和经济类型岗位超标率最多是噪声,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。职业病危害因素项目企业申报率、企业负责人和接触职业病危害因素健康培训率、2017—2019年职业病危害因素检测率和职业健康监护开展率随企业规模由小到大呈上升趋势(P<0.001)。结论对贵港市存在的生产企业,应重视对职业病危害因素企业的职业病防护工作,尤其是增强微小规模企业的职业病防治工作意识,督促其制定符合法律、法规的职业病防护措施,规范企业内部对职业病危害因素的管理,保障劳动者的健康权益。Objective To understand the status of occupational hazards in Guigang,so as to provide the basis for the formulation of targeted measures for the regulation of occupational diseases.Methods The study on the status of occupational hazard factors of 1020 enterprises in Guigang from 2017 to 2019 was carried out.These enterprises mainly involved in mining industry,manufacturing industry,production and supply of electricity,gas and water.Results There were 992 production enterprises with occupational hazard factors in Guigang,and the exposure rate of enterprises was 97.25%.The exposed number was 13199,with an exposure rate of 36.12%.The exposed number was mainly distributed in micro-scale enterprises in manufacturing industry in Gangbei District.The economic type of these enterprises was mainly domestic enterprises.The most over-standard rate of posts in different enterprise sizes,industries,distribution regions and economic types was noise,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The reporting rate of enterprises,the health training rate of the persons in charge of enterprises and the occupational hazard factors,the detection rate of occupational hazard factors in the past three years(2017-2019)and the rate of occupational health monitoring increased with the size of enterprises(P<0.001).Conclusion For the manufacturers in Guigang,emphasis should be placed on the occupational disease prevention in enterprises with occupational hazard factors,especially on the awareness of occupational disease prevention of small-scale enterprises,urging them to formulate occupational-disease-prevention measures in accordance with laws and regulations,regulate the internal management of occupational hazard factors,and protect the health rights and interests of workers.

关 键 词：贵港市 职业病 危害因素 制造业 噪声 健康监护 调查 分析 

分 类 号：R979.3[医药卫生—药品]