2012—2021年绵阳市手足口流行病学及病原学特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Mianyang from 2012 to 2021

作　　者：文艳[1] 杨小蓉[1] 陈华[1] 李仕一[1] 陈果[1] 张昭[1] WEN Yan;YANG Xiaorong;CHEN Hua;LI Shiyi;CHEN Guo;ZHANG Zhao(Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Mianyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Sichuan 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]绵阳市疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,四川621000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2023年第4期371-374,378,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：2020年绵阳市卫生健康委员会应急科研项目(2020YJKY017)。

摘　　要：目的分析绵阳市2012—2021年手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)的流行病学和病原学特征,为今后制定手足口病防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集绵阳市2012—2021年手足口病监测数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行统计学分析。结果2012—2021年绵阳市累计报告手足口病44491例,年平均发病率为93.88/10万,重症病例361例,占病例总数的0.81%。病例分布主要集中在4~7月和10~11月,年龄和职业分布主要以0~3岁散居儿童为主。2012—2021年累计检出肠道病毒阳性标本9457份,EV-A71型、CV-A16型和其他肠道病毒构成比分别为8.10%、19.01%和72.89%。结论绵阳市2012—2021年手足口病发病总体呈上升趋势,病原学构成发生明显变化,应加强对除EV-A71型和CV-A16型以外的其他肠道病毒型别的监测,为手足口病精准防控提供依据。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Mianyang from 2012 to 2021,so as to provide evidence for prevention and control strategy of HFMD in the future.Methods The surveillance data of HFMD in Mianyang from 2012 to 2021 were collected and analysed by the descriptive epidemiological method.Results From 2012 to 2021,a total of 44491 HFMD cases were reported in Mianyang,with an average annual incidence of 93.88/100 thousand.There were 361 severe cases,accounting for 0.81%of the total cases.The cases were mainly distributed in April to July and October to November,and the age and occupation distribution were mainly children aged 0-3 years living at home.From 2012 to 2021,a total of 9457 enterovirus positive samples were detected,and the constituent ratios of EV-A71,CV-A16 and other enterovirus were 8.10%,19.01%and 72.89%,respectively.Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Mianyang showed an overall increasing trend from 2012 to 2021,and the etiological composition has changed significantly over the past 10 years.Therefore,surveillance of enterovirus types other than EV-A71 and CV-A16 should be strengthened to provide evidence for the precise prevention and control of HFMD.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学特征 病原学特征 重症病例 优势毒株 分析 儿童 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]