平谷区2019—2020年农村生活饮用水水质监测结果分析  

Analysis of monitoring results of rural drinking water quality in Pinggu District from 2019 to 2020

作　　者：常秀兰[1] 张志鹏 刘新颖 杜志忠 崔德军 张立芹 CHANG Xiulan;ZHANG Zhipeng;LIU Xinying;DU Zhizhong;CUI Dejun;ZHANG Liqin(Beijing PingguDistrict Hospital,Beijing 101200,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市平谷区医院,北京101200 [2]平谷区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2023年第3期240-244,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项(2020-2-3013)。

摘　　要：目的了解平谷区农村生活饮用水卫生安全状况及其变化,为政府决策和保障生活饮用水卫生安全提供数据支持。方法按照《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750—2006)对平谷区2019—2020年农村生活饮用水进行检测,按照《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2022)进行评价。结果2019—2020年检测农村生活饮用水水样814份,总合格率为96.07%,2019和2020年的农村生活饮用水水样合格率分别为93.89%和98.27%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.356,P<0.05)。感官性状和一般化学指标合格率最高为100.00%,微生物指标合格率为98.65%,毒理学指标合格率为97.42%。不合格项目为毒理学指标的硝酸盐和氟化物,微生物指标的菌落总数、总大肠菌群和耐热大肠菌群。2019和2020年,丰水期水样合格率为100.00%,高于枯水期,其水样合格率为91.30%;办证村水样合格率为98.03%,明显高于未办证村,其水样合格率为87.66%;按要求使用消毒设备地区水样合格率为97.56%,高于未按要求使用地区,其水样合格率为81.82%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=45.731,P<0.05)。结论平谷区2019—2020年农村生活饮用水总体水质状况较好,但存在硝酸盐、氟化物和部分微生物指标超标问题。Objective To understand the status quo and changes of drinking water sanitation and safety in rural areas of Pinggu District,so as to provide data support for government decision-making and ensuring drinking water sanitation and safety.Methods The rural drinking water in Pinggu District from 2019 to 2020 was tested according to Standard Inspection Method for Drinking Water(GB/T 5750.2—2006),and was evaluated according to Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water(GB 5749—2006).Results A total of 814 rural drinking water samples were tested from 2019 to 2020,and the total qualified rate was 96.07%.The qualified rate in 2019 and 2020 were 93.89%and 98.27%respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=10.356,P<0.05).The highest qualified rate of sensory traits and general chemical indexes was 100.00%,the qualified rate of microbial indexes was 98.65%,and that of toxicological indexes was 97.42%.The nonconforming items were the nitrate and fluoride indexes in toxicological indexes,and the total number of colonies,the total number of coliforms and heat-resistant coliforms in microbial indexes.In 2019 and 2020,the qualified rate of water samples in the wet season was 100.00%,which was higher than 91.30%in the dry season.The qualified rate of water samples in certified villages was 98.03%,which was significantly higher than the rate of 87.66%in non-certified villages.The qualified rate was 97.56%in areas where disinfection equipment was used as required,which was higher than 81.82%in areas where disinfection equipment was not used as required,and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=45.731,P<0.05).Conclusion The overall water quality of rural drinking water in Pinggu District from 2019 to 2020 is relatively good,but the indexes of nitrate,fluoride and some microbial indicators exceeded the standard.

关 键 词：农村 生活饮用水 水质监测 检测 分析 

分 类 号：R123.9[医药卫生—环境卫生学]