2015—2020年濮阳市手足口病流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease in Puyang from 2015 to 2020

作　　者：侯瑞娟[1] 王利波[1] 高子庆[1] 李秋荣[1] 王兰珍[1] HOU Ruijuan;WANG Libo;GAO Ziqing;LI Qiurong;WANG Lanzhen(Puyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Henan 457000,China)

机构地区：[1]濮阳市疾病预防控制中心,河南457000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2023年第3期258-261,266,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的分析2015—2020年濮阳市手足口病流行病学和病原学特征,为制定手足口病防控措施提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统,收集2015—2020年濮阳市手足口病病例数据,运用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果2015—2020年濮阳市共报告手足口病病例26736例,重症病例848例,死亡1例,年均发病率为121.38/10万。濮阳市手足口病呈隔年高发趋势,2016、2018和2020年为高发年。发病有明显的春夏季节性,呈单峰分布,2015—2019年濮阳市手足口病发病高峰为每年5月,2020年发病高峰后移至8月。濮阳市需重点防控区域为市城区(华龙区和开发区);按重症构成比分析,需重点防控区域为濮阳县和范县。男女发病性别比为1.55∶1,以散居儿童为主,报告20849例,构成比为77.98%;发病主要集中0~<5岁年龄组儿童,为24824例,构成比为92.85%。病原学特征以其他肠道病毒为主;各年份确诊手足口病病例的病原学构成差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=231.18,P<0.05),其他肠道病毒构成比呈上升趋势;其他肠道病毒和EV 71是手足口病重症病例的主要病原体,EV 71病原学构成比呈下降趋势。结论2015—2019年濮阳市手足口病隔年高发,有明显的季节、地区和人群分布特征;春夏季流行,应加强重点地区及5岁以下重点人群的手足口病防控工作,进一步关注手足口病病原学构成的变化。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Puyang from 2015 to 2020,so as to provide a scientific basis in its prevention and control.Methods Data of HFMD cases in Puyang from 2015 to 2020 were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System,and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 26736 cases of HFMD were reported in Puyang from 2015 to 2020,including 848 severe cases and 1 death,with an average annual incidence of 12138 per 100000.HFMD in Puyang showed a trend of high incidence every other year,with 2016,2018 and 2020 being the years with highest incidence.The incidence occurred in spring and summer,and was unimodal from 2015 to 2019.The peak occurred in every May,yet moved to August in 2020.The key prevention and control areas were urban areas(Hualong District and the Development Zone).According to the analysis of severe disease composition,the key prevention and control areas were Puyang County and Fan County.The male to female ratio was 1.55∶1.The incidence occurred mainly among scattered children,with 20849 cases reported,accounting for 77.98%,of which children aged 0-<5 years were affected the most,with 24824 cases reported,accounting for 92.85%.The etiological characteristics were mainly other enteroviruses.There was significant difference in the etiological composition of confirmed cases of HFMD in each year(χ^(2)=231.18,P<0.05).The composition ratio of other enteroviruses was increasing.Other enteroviruses and EV 71 were the main pathogens in severe cases.The composition ratio of the former was increasing,and that of the latter was decreasing.Conclusion From 2015 to 2019,the incidence of HFMD in Puyang peaked every other year,with obvious seasonal,regional and population distribution features.The disease is prevalent in spring and summer.The prevention and control of HFMD should be strengthened in key areas and among key population who are under 5 years old.Further attent

关 键 词：手足口病 流行特征 病原学构成 其他肠道病毒 EV 71 儿童 分析 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]