论初唐贬谪现象较唐前的变化和对贬谪诗的影响  

On the Change of Relegation in the Early Tang Dynasty Compared with Ages before the Tang Dynasty and the Influences on Relegation Poetry

作　　者：杨照 Yang Zhao

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学文学院

出　　处：《中国文化研究》2023年第1期76-85,共10页Chinese Culture Research

摘　　要：初唐是贬谪这一特殊政治现象的演变历史中的重要阶段。在经过南北朝、隋代的复杂变化进入初唐后,贬谪出现了大规模、高频率且有一定习惯的特征。这些特征与贬谪诗的创作之间经由一种“痛苦而稳定”的微妙状态相联系。这一状态介于程度较轻、频繁辗转的贬谪与打击甚大的贬谪之间,诗人既遭遇了痛苦的长时间、远距离的贬谪,同时又有相对稳定的生存状态,因而有大量的诗作。南北朝到初唐,谪人的特征经历了身份多样的个体到身份集中的群体的变化。与之相伴随的是更多的诗作的产生以及诗风的变化。南北朝贬谪诗的情怀较为多样,而随着政治心理、出处观念的变化,初唐贬谪诗的表达愈发普遍集中到痛苦忧伤当中。初唐贬谪诗人的心态、作品反映出介于群体与个体之间的特点,诗人的创作尚未完全脱离文学侍从的身份,作品往往大量、反复抒发贬谪的忧伤,并且反映出基于传递情感的功用的倾向性。The Early Tang Dynasty is a significant stage of relegation,a special political phenomenon.Through the complicated changes in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui Dynasty,relegation in the Early Tang Dynasty reflects some new features,which includes large scale,high frequency and regularity.These features is connected with relegation poetry through a subtle condition combined emotional pain with stable living.This kind of condition is somewhere between the relegation with lesser degree which has frequent migration and the relegation that hurts a lot.In this condition,poets suffer from long distance or long time relegation,and at the same time it has a relatively stable life because of which so many poems were written out.From the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Early Tang Dynasty,the characteristic of people relegated is from individuals with various identities to groups with similar identities.With this kind of way of changing,more poems written and the styles of them changed.Relegation poetry in the Southern and Northern Dynasties has different styles.As the political psychology and conceptions of official life and seclusion changed,relegation in the Early Tang Dynasty increasingly focuses on the expression of emotional pain.Relegated poets in the Early Tang Dynasty reflect the characteristic between group and individual both on their mindset and poems,which means they do not totally break away from the identity of literary attendancy.Their poems express their emotional hurt during the relegation repeatedly,and show a tendency of artistic function based on the requirement of emotion spreading.

关 键 词：贬谪 初唐 变化 观念 群体 

分 类 号：I222[文学—中国文学]