煤巷锚杆预紧力损失特征及围岩控制机理研究  

Loss characteristics of bolt pre-tightening force and surrounding rock control mechanism in coal roadway

作　　者：于智卓 孙鑫 刘克臣 YU Zhizhuo;SUN Xin;LIU Kechen(Wujiagou coal industry,Shanxi Huayu Energy Corporation Limited Liability Company,Shuozhou 036000,China;School of Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]山西朔州山阴金海洋五家沟煤业有限公司,山西朔州036000 [2]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2023年第3期41-46,共6页Coal Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52074294)。

摘　　要：锚杆预紧力对维持煤巷围岩稳定具有重要作用,然而现场工程中因预紧力损失造成的巷道失稳现象普遍发生。分析了锚杆预紧扭矩与预紧力间的转化关系,研究了五家沟煤矿现场锚杆预紧力损失现象,揭示了锚杆预紧力损失行为特征及原因,并探究了不同预紧力损失率下锚杆对围岩应力及位移分布的影响。研究发现:现场锚杆预紧扭矩与预紧力基本呈线性正相关,但受支护构件间摩擦和巷道围岩条件影响,锚杆预紧力损失率均值范围为20%~58%,而锚杆预紧力损失加重可导致巷道浅部围岩应力下降,围岩变形及塑性区深度和体积增加,降低围岩的承载能力。研究可为现场锚杆预紧施工提供指导,提高支护初期巷道围岩的稳定。The pre-tightening force of bolt plays an important role in maintaining the stability of surrounding rock in coal roadway.However,the instability of roadway caused by the loss of pre-tightening force in field engineering generally occurs.The phenomenon of bolt pre-tightening force loss in Wujiagou Coal Mine is studied.The characteristics and causes of bolt pre-tightening force loss behavior are revealed,and the influence of bolt on surrounding rock stress and displacement distribution under different pre-tightening force loss rates is explored.The results show that there is a linear positive correlation between the pre-tightening torque and the pre-tightening force.However,due to the friction between the supporting components and the surrounding rock conditions of the roadway,the average loss rate of the pre-tightening force of the bolt ranges from 20%to 58%.When the loss increases,stress of the shallow surrounding rock of the roadway decreases,the deformation of the surrounding rock and the depth and volume of the plastic zone enlarge,and the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock declines.This study can provide guidance for on-site bolt pre-tightening construction and improve the stability of roadway surrounding rock at the initial stage of support.

关 键 词：锚杆预紧力 预紧力损失 围岩控制 巷道支护 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]