自然保护地跨区联合保护可以降低保护资金投入吗?——基于保护生物学的空间效应分析  

Does cross-regional natural conservation reduce the investment of conservation funds:Spatial effect analysis based on Conservation Biology

作　　者：高燕[1] 邓毅[1] GAO Yan;DENG Yi(School of Tourism and Hospitality Management,Hubei University of Economics,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北经济学院旅游与酒店管理学院,武汉430205

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2023年第4期1040-1057,共18页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(22YJAZH021)。

摘　　要：“山川形便”的行政区划原则人为割裂生境,造成生境破碎化,引致负面边缘效应,需要更高成本去维持生物多样性,增加了自然保护财政资金投入。实施跨区联合保护可有效解决上述问题。引入保护生物学边缘效应理论,构建了以跨区联合保护为核心解释变量的自然保护资金投入空间计量理论模型。以31个省份的自然保护区为样本的实证研究结果表明:跨区联合保护是导致自然保护投资水平在邻接行政区之间存在正向空间依赖性的主导因素,且跨区联合保护强度越大,越能降低邻接地区保护资金投入水平;建议在省级和中央层面建立自然保护地联合保护机构与协调机制;全面开启跨行政区保护地在界限范围、保护焦点上的优化整合;联合保护地的管理机构应针对焦点物种设置统筹使用的专项保护资金,以更高效率的资金投入促进多地协同解决生境破碎化问题。The administrative division principle of"mountains and rivers form convenience"artificially splits the continuous habitat,leading to habitat fragmentation.Habitat fragmentation has a negative edge effect,which requires a higher cost to maintain biodiversity,resulting in inefficient financial investment in nature conservation.The implementation of cross-regional natural conservation is an effective way to solve the above problems.This study introduces the edge effect theory of conservation biology,traces the theoretical basis for the spatial spillover effect of cross-regional natural conservation on nature conservation investment,and constructs a spatial econometric theoretical model of the factors affecting the level of nature conservation investment.Taking nature reserves in 31 provincial-level regions as samples,the empirical test results of the model show that the investment level of nature conservation has a positive spatial dependence among different administrative regions,and cross-regional natural conservation is the dominant factor leading to the spatial effect of the investment level of nature conservation,and the greater the intensity of cross-regional natural conservation,the lower the investment level of financial funds in contiguous areas.Finally,the study puts forward the following suggestions:establish cross-regional natural conservation institutions and coordination mechanisms for nature reserves at the provincial and national levels,and fully open the optimization and integration of cross administrative protected areas in terms of boundary scope and protection focus.The management organization of joint protected areas should strengthen the overall use of financial funds,set up special protection funds for focus species,and promote the coordinated solution of habitat fragmentation by more efficient financial investment.

关 键 词：生境破碎化 边缘效应 跨区联合保护 自然保护资金投入 保护生物学 空间效应 

分 类 号：F812[经济管理—财政学] X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程]