全球航运服务业的空间分布差异研究  

Spatial pattern and influencing factors oof shipping service industry

作　　者：王列辉[1,2,3,4] 陈萍 张楠翌 WANG Liehui;CCHEN Ping;ZHANG Nanyi(The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;Research Center for China Administrative Division,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Institute for Global Innovation and Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;Institute of Eco-Chongming,Shanghai 202162,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学中国行政区划研究中心,上海200241 [3]华东师范大学全球创新与发展研究院,上海200062 [4]崇明生态研究院,上海202162

出　　处：《地理学报》2023年第4期913-929,共17页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD070);国家自然科学基金项目(41971155);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0601);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2022QKT002)。

摘　　要：航运服务业是推动港口城市空间结构调整与经济发展的关键驱动力,是提升枢纽港口城市全球竞争力的核心要素。航运服务业在全球的分布和网络联系开始受到关注,但已有研究较少分析不同航运服务业分布的差异及影响因素。本文把航运服务业分为上游航运辅助业(船东、船舶管理、船舶修造)和下游航运衍生服务业(航运金融、航运保险、海事法律),利用2019年的劳合社海事企业名录构建全球航运服务业数据库,基于关联网络模型和负二项回归模型,从全球、区域和城市3个层面分析全球航运服务业空间联系网络,揭示上下游航运服务业分布差异,探讨各因素对上下游航运服务业分布的影响。结果发现:(1)上下游航运服务业的重心主要分布在欧洲、亚洲,国家间分布差异呈现金字塔结构,上游行业的空间分布范围更广、联系更密、集聚性更强,下游行业联系分布两极化更明显。(2)全球航运服务业网络形成双中心的结构,欧洲以伦敦为中心,构建了辐射周边大城市及跨洲际的下游航运衍生服务业网络,亚洲形成了以新加坡为中心、联系中国香港、上海等城市的上游服务业网络。(3)上游航运辅助业更多地分布于非首都海港城市,而下游航运衍生服务业则更多分布于首都等行政中心。(4)上下游行业均与电子商务指数、物流绩效指数正相关,上游航运辅助业还受经济自由度、旅游入境人数、班轮联通运输指数等影响,而下游航运衍生服务业主要与国际贸易和政治文化相关。本研究能为中国打造国际航运中心、实现上下游航运服务业之间联动发展、提升中国航运业整体实力提供理论参考。The shipping service industry is a major driving force in the economic growth and reorganization of port cities'spatial structure,as well as a core element in raising hub port cities'competitiveness.Recently,the global distribution and network connections of the shipping service industry have attracted significant attention,but few studies have analyzed the distribution differences and influencing factors of different shipping service industries.In this study,we divided the shipping service industry into upstream shipping auxiliary industries(ship owners,ship management,ship repair and construction)and downstream shipping derivative service industries(shipping finance,shipping insurance,maritime law).And based on Lloyd's Maritime Directory in 2019,we built a database about the world's shipping service industry.The spatial connection network of the global shipping service industry was then examined at the global,regional and city levels,using the correlation network model and the negative binomial regression model,which revealed the differences in distribution between the upstream and downstream shipping services.The affecting elements on upstream and downstream shipping services are explored in the last section.The results are as follows:(1)Europe and Asia are the primary distribution region of the upstream and downstream shipping service industries,a pyramid structure is shown under the variation in countries'distribution.The spatial distribution of the upstream industry is wider in range,closer in connections and stronger in agglomeration,compared to the downstream industry.(2)The global shipping service network presents a dual-center structure.Europe centers on London and builds a transcontinental radiation network of downstream shipping derivative services connecting to neighboring capital cities.Asia forms an upstream service network that connects Hong Kong,Shanghai and other cities with Singapore as the center.(3)The upstream shipping auxiliary industry is mainly distributed in non-capital seaport cities,wh

关 键 词：上下游航运服务业 空间格局 影响因素 连锁网络 

分 类 号：F551[经济管理—产业经济]