基于蒙特卡罗模拟的铅锌冶炼厂周边农田土壤重金属健康风险评估  

Contamination and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils Around a Lead-Zinc Smelter

作　　者：黄剑波 姜登登 温冰 王磊 石佳奇 周艳 HUANG Jian-bo;JIANG Deng-deng;WEN Bing;WANG Lei;SHI Jia-qi;ZHOU Yan(Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control,Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042 [2]国家环境保护土壤环境管理与污染控制重点实验室,南京210042

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第4期2204-2214,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1801100)。

摘　　要：为探明铅锌冶炼厂周边土壤重金属污染程度及人体健康风险,在云南省某铅锌冶炼厂周边农田采集56个表层土壤(0~20 cm),分析了土壤中pH和重金属Pb、 Cd、 Zn、 As、 Cu和Hg的含量,对土壤重金属含量的污染程度、生态风险和概率健康风险进行了研究.结果表明,研究区土壤中ω(Pb)、ω(Cd)、ω(Zn)、ω(As)、ω(Cu)和ω(Hg)的平均值分别为4 413.93、 6.89、 1 672.76、 44.45、 47.61和0.21 mg·kg^(-1),均超过云南省土壤背景值.Cd的地累积指数(I_(geo))平均值为0.24,单因子污染指数(Pi)平均值为30.42,潜在生态风险指数(Er)平均值为1 312.60,是研究区污染最重以及生态风险最高的重金属.蒙特卡罗概率健康风险结果显示,成人和儿童的非致癌风险指数(HI)分别为2.42E-01和9.36E-01,儿童的非致癌风险超过控制值的比例为36.63%;成人和儿童的致癌风险指数(TCR)分别为6.98E-05和5.93E-04,儿童的致癌风险超过控制值的比例为86.85%;Cd和As是造成致癌风险和非致癌风险的主要因素.研究结果可为该区域实现精准风险管控和修复措施提供科学依据.In order to identify the contamination and health risks of heavy metals in agricultural soils,a total of 56 surface soil samples(0-20 cm)were collected around a Pb-Zn smelter in Yunnan Province,and six heavy metals(Pb,Cd,Zn,As,Cu,and Hg)and pH were analyzed to assess heavy metal status,ecological risk,and probabilistic health risk.The results revealed that the average contents of six heavy metals(Pb:4413.93 mg·kg^(-1),Cd:6.89 mg·kg^(-1),Zn:1672.76 mg·kg^(-1),As:44.45 mg·kg^(-1),Cu:47.61 mg·kg^(-1),and Hg:0.21 mg·kg^(-1))were higher than their background values in Yunnan Province.Cd had the highest mean geo-accumulation index(I_(geo))of 0.24,the highest mean pollution index(Pi)of 30.42,and the greatest average ecological risk index(Er)of 1312.60,indicating that Cd was the primary enriched and highest-ecological risk pollutant.The mean hazard index(HI)through exposure to six HMs was 2.42E-01 and 9.36E-01 for adults and children,respectively,with 36.63%of HI values for children exceeding the risk threshold of 1.Moreover,the mean total cancer risks(TCR)were 6.98E-05 and 5.93E-04 for adults and children,respectively,with 86.85%of TCR values for children exceeding the guideline value of 1E-04.The probabilistic health risk assessment suggested that Cd and As were the main contributors for the non-carcinogenic risks and carcinogenic risks.This work will provide scientific reference for the precise risk management and effective remediation strategy of soil heavy metal pollution in this study area.

关 键 词：铅锌冶炼 农田土壤 重金属污染 生态风险 概率健康风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]