辣椒炭疽病病原分离鉴定及对杀菌剂敏感性测定  

Identification and fungicide sensitivity of pathogen causing anthracnose of pepper

作　　者：周志成 孙海 肖仲久 莫维弟 程欢欢 彭丽娟 丁海霞[1,5] ZHOU Zhicheng;SUN Hai;XIAO Zhongjiu;MO Weidi;CHENG Huanhuan;PENG Lijuan;DING Haixia(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Beijing Plant Protection Station,Beijing 100011,China;College of Resources and Environment,Zunyi Normal University,Zunyi 563002,China;College of Tobacco Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]北京市植物保护站,北京100011 [3]遵义师范学院资源与环境学院,贵州遵义563002 [4]贵州大学烟草学院,贵州贵阳550025 [5]贵州省农业科学院,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2023年第3期430-437,共8页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：贵州省科技厅基础研究项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般094);中国博士后科学基金(2020M683658XB);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2018]101);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201605);贵州省研究生科研基金(黔教合YJSKYJJ(2021)055)。

摘　　要：[目的]明确辣椒炭疽病病原菌Colletotrichum spp.种类,并筛选防治药剂。[方法]采集贵州省贵阳市花溪区具有典型炭疽病症状的‘党武’辣椒叶片和果实,分离病原菌;采用单孢分离法、柯赫氏法则、形态学特征结合ITS、GADPH、CHS-1和ACT多基因序列分析,明确病原菌的致病能力及分类地位;采用菌丝生长速率法测定病原菌对6种化学杀菌剂和6种生物杀菌剂的敏感性。[结果]病原菌鉴定为斯高维尔炭疽菌Colletotrichum scovillei;室内药剂敏感性测定发现12种杀菌剂对C. scovillei均有一定的抑制作用,75%(w)肟菌·戊唑醇WDG、10%(w)苯醚甲环唑WDG和250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯SC的抑制效果最好,EC50分别为0.254、0.731、0.745 mg/L。其次是200 g/L异硫氰酸烯丙酯SL、3%(w)中生菌素WP、10 g/L申嗪霉素SC、80 g/L宁南霉素AS、200 g/L异硫氰酸烯丙酯EW和10 g/L蛇床子素ME,EC50分别为1.238、1.307、1.711、2.929、3.175和2.191 mg/L。将10%(w)苯醚甲环唑WDG和250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯SC按照1∶4、2∶3的体积比复配时,联合毒力测定和评价结果显示两者复配对该病菌具有协同增效作用。[结论]本研究可为辣椒生产中辣椒炭疽病的田间药剂防治提供参考。【Objective】To identify the pathogenic fungi of pepper anthracnose and screen the fungicides with strong inhibitory effects.【Method】The typical leaves and fruits with anthracnose symptoms were collected from the peppers named‘Dangwu’in Huaxi,Guiyang,Guizhou.The pathogen was isolated.Its pathogenicity and classification were determined by monospore isolation,Koch’s postulates,and morphological characteristics combined with multi-locus(ITS,ACT,GAPDH and CHS-1)phylogenetic analysis.The sensitivities of pathogen to six chemical fungicides and six biological fungicides were investigated by the mycelial growth rate method.【Result】The pathogen causing pepper‘Dangwu’anthracnose in Huaxi was identified as Colletotrichum scovillei.The indoor fungicide sensitivity test showed that 12 fungicides all had certain inhibitory effect against C.scovillei.The inhibition effects of 75%(w)trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole WDG,10%(w)difenoconazole WDG and 250 g/L pyraclostrobin SC were higher with the EC50 of 0.254,0.731 and 0.745 mg/L,respectively,followed by 200 g/L allylisothiocyanate SL,3%(w)zhongshengmycin WP,10 g/L phenazine-1-carboxylic acid SC,80 g/L ningnanmycin AS,200 g/L allylisothiocyanate EW and 10 g/L osthol ME with the EC50 of 1.238,1.307,1.711,2.929,3.175 and 2.191 mg/L,respectively.10%(w)difenoconazole WDG and 250 g/L pyraclostrobin SC mixed at the volume ratio of 1∶4 or 2∶3 showed an obvious synergistic effect on inhibiting the pathogen based on the joint toxicity test and evaluation results.【Conclusion】This study can provide references for the field prevention and control of pepper anthracnose using pesticides.

关 键 词：辣椒炭疽病 多基因序列分析 联合毒力测定 斯高维尔炭疽菌 

分 类 号：Q939[生物学—微生物学] S431.16[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]