自愿型环境规制如何影响企业生存?  

How Does Voluntary Environmental Regulation Influence Firm Survival?

作　　者：刘经珂 陈艳莹[1] 于千惠 LIU Jing-ke;CHEN Yan-ying;YU Qian-hui(School of Economics and Management,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学经济管理学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《财经问题研究》2023年第5期39-51,共13页Research On Financial and Economic Issues

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“激励不相容下中国绿色认证机制的市场效应与优化路径研究”(18YJA790012)。

摘　　要：作为传统环境规制的重要补充,自愿型环境规制旨在鼓励企业在政府强制要求之外承担额外的环境责任。不同于以往的短期效果研究,本文从企业生存的长期视角讨论了自愿型环境规制的治理效果。基于国家认证认可监督管理委员会披露的绿色认证数据和中国工业企业数据库,本文采用Cox比例风险模型和倾向得分匹配方法分析了自愿型环境规制对企业生存能力的影响及其作用机制。研究结果显示:自愿型环境规制对企业生存能力有显著提升作用;自愿型环境规制主要通过增加政府补贴和改善政企关系提升企业生存能力;自愿型环境规制更有助于提升非国有企业和高污染企业生存能力,且正式环境规制强度越大,自愿型环境规制对企业生存能力的提升作用越强。以上结论不仅为自愿型环境规制在长期演化过程中促进经济绿色转型的政策效果提供了经验证据,还能为政府优化环境规制体系设计提供重要依据。In the past few decades,the traditional environmental regulation,which mainly consists of command⁃and⁃control and economic incentive policy tools,has faced many governance difficulties such as inadequate implementations in China.With the ecological civilization construction becoming a national strategy,voluntary environmental regulation has been widely used as a new institutional tool.As an important supplement to traditional environmental regulation,voluntary environmental regulation aims to encourage firms to undertake additional environmental responsibilities beyond the mandatory requirements of the government.Literature on the policy effects of voluntary environmental regulation focuses on the changes of firm environmental performance in the short run.Studies on how voluntary environmental regulations affect the replacement of old firms by new ones from a long⁃run perspective are relatively scarce.Based on the green certification data disclosed by the Certification and Accreditation Administration of the People􀆳s Republic of China and firm⁃level data from Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database,this paper uses Cox proportional hazards model and propensity score matching(PSM)method to investigate the impact of voluntary environmental regulation on firm survival and its mechanisms.The results show that voluntary environmental regulation can improve firm viability significantly.This conclusion remains valid after a series of robustness tests which consider the influence of endogeneity,matching method,survival method,and the type of voluntary environmental regulation projects.Moreover,the mechanism analyses demonstrate that voluntary environmental regulation can enhance firm viability mainly by increasing government subsidies and improving the relationship between the government and firms.The heterogeneity analyses show that voluntary environmental regulation is more conducive to improving the viability of non⁃state⁃owned firms and high⁃polluting firms,and plays a stronger role when formal environ

关 键 词：自愿型环境规制 企业生存能力 绿色转型 COX比例风险模型 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]