残留聚乙烯地膜降解菌株的筛选及降解特性研究  

Screening and Degradation Characteristics of Residual Polyethylene Film Degrading Strains

作　　者：邢祥祥 伍杰毅 赵鲁玉 宋天赐 黄婷婷 岳海涛[1,2] XING Xiangxiang;WU Jieyi;ZHAO Luyu;SONG Tianci;HUANG Tingting;YUE Haitao(School of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830017,China;School of Future Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830017,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [2]新疆大学未来技术学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（自然科学版）（中英文）》2023年第2期231-241,共11页Journal of Xinjiang University(Natural Science Edition in Chinese and English)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“多组学挖掘干旱区细菌耐盐碱胁迫功能基因及生物元件”(U2003305),“以碱性纤维素溶液为基质生产可降解地膜用P3HB4HB材料研究”(31860018);新疆维吾尔自治区天山创新团队项目“合成生物学与微生物代谢工程”(2020D14022);新疆维吾尔自治区杰出青年科技人才培养计划“耐盐碱细菌抗逆细胞工厂设计与构建”(2020Q02)。

摘　　要：聚乙烯农用地膜在干旱与半干旱地区的作物种植中广泛应用,随之而来的地膜残留及其分解产生的微塑料与纳米塑料不断富集污染环境问题日益严重.为探索微生物降解聚乙烯残留地膜治理途径,以正十六烷为唯一碳源进行初筛,以聚乙烯为唯一碳源进行复筛,从3种类型共10个样品中筛选出8株聚乙烯降解菌株,分别隶属肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)、肠球菌属(Enterococcus)、寡氧单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)等,8株聚乙烯降解菌株的30 d降解率在0.22%~8.76%之间.为评估紫外线照射对菌株降解率的影响,接种Enterobacter sp. GF21结合紫外线照射,观测聚乙烯地膜的降解情况,紫外线照射168 h实验组与照射1 h实验组相比,降解率由1.11%增加至2.29%.通过扫描电镜观察聚乙烯地膜表面的微观形貌,采用傅里叶红外光谱观察官能团的变化,结果表明:降解后聚乙烯地膜表面出现了裂痕状破损,接菌处理实验组有羰基官能团的形成,C-O振动峰与C-H振动峰发生了消减.Polyethylene(PE)agricultural mulch is widely used in crop cultivation in arid and semi-arid regions,and the ensuing problem of environmental pollution from the continuous enrichment of mulch residues and micro-and nano-plastics generated by its decomposition is becoming increasingly serious.In order to explore the ways of microbial degradation of polyethylene residual mulch,this study conducted a primary screening with n-hexadecane as the sole carbon source and a secondary screening with polyethylene as the sole carbon source,and screened eight polyethylene degrading strains belonging to Enterobacter,Enterococcus and Stenotrophomonas,etc.from a total of 10 samples of 3 types,respectively,the 30 d degradation rates of the eight polyethylene degrading strains ranged from 0.22%to 8.76%.To evaluate the effect of UV irradiation on the degradation rate of the strains,the degradation of polyethylene film was observed by inoculation with Enterobacter sp.GF21 in combination with UV irradiation,and the degradation rate increased from 1.11%to 2.29%in the experimental group with 168 h of UV irradiation compared with the experimental group with 1 h of irradiation.The microscopic morphology of the polyethylene film surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy,and the changes of functional groups were observed by Fourier infrared spectroscopy, the results showed that the surface of the degraded polyethylene filmshowed a crack-like breakage, and the formation of carbonyl functional groups and the ablation of C-O and C-Hvibrational peaks occurred in the inoculated experimental group.

关 键 词：聚乙烯 农用地膜 生物降解 肠杆菌 

分 类 号：Q939.97[生物学—微生物学]