水位波动下东洞庭湖冬季水鸟变化特征  

Change characteristics of wintering waterbird in east Dongting Lake under water level fluctuation

作　　者：成波 李红清[1,2] 朱秀迪 林国俊 陈荣友[1,2] 江波 CHENG Bo;LI Hongqing;ZHU Xiudi;LIN Guojun;CHEN Rongyou;JIANG Bo(Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute,Wuhan 430051,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Regulation of Non-Point Source Pollution in Lake and Reservoir Water Sources,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430051,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水资源保护科学研究所,湖北武汉430051 [2]长江水利委员会湖库水源地面源污染生态调控重点实验室,湖北武汉430051

出　　处：《人民长江》2023年第4期76-84,共9页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0408901);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2020CFB283);长江水科学研究联合基金项目(U2040210)。

摘　　要：东洞庭湖是洞庭湖泊群落中最大、保存最完好的天然季节性湖泊,形成了多样、稳定的湿地资源类型,是迁徙水鸟重要的越冬栖息地。基于东洞庭湖冬季水鸟调查数据和城陵矶站水位观测数据,分析了水位,冬季水鸟种类、数量、多样性,优势种种群数量的变化特征,并研究了水位波动对水鸟群落结构及多样性的影响。结果表明:在水鸟调查期间对应的水位波动范围内,东洞庭湖水鸟种群数量与城陵矶站水位具有较好的拟合程度。城陵矶站水位对水鸟种类、水鸟多样性和优势种种群数量没有显著的影响。在分析水位波动对冬季水鸟群落结构及多样性影响主要原因的基础上,从东洞庭湖冬季水鸟保护的角度提出水位调控利用建议。建议加强湿地生态-水文多过程耦合机制研究,为东洞庭湖水位优化调控和水鸟生物多样性保护提供科学依据。East Dongting Lake is the largest and well-preserved natural seasonal lake in Dongting Lake groups.It has formed diverse and stable wetland resource types,and is an important overwintering habitat for migratory waterbirds.Based on the waterbird survey data of East Dongting Lake and the water level data at Chenglingji Station,the variation characteristics of water level,waterbird species,quantity and diversity,population of dominant waterbird groups were analyzed.The impact of water level fluctuation on the community structure and diversity of waterbird was studied.The results showed that within the corresponding water level fluctuation during the waterbird survey period,the populations of waterbirds in East Dongting Lake had a good degree of fitting with the water level at Chenglingji Station,and the water level had no significant impact on the number of species,the waterbird diversity and the populations of dominant waterbird groups.Based on the analysis of the main reasons for the impact of water level fluctuation on the community structure and diversity of waterbirds in winter,water level regulation and utilization suggestions from the perspective of winter waterbird protection in East Dongting Lake were proposed.It is recommended to strengthen the research on the multi-process coupling mechanism of wetland ecology and hydrology,so as to provide a scientific basis for the optimal regulation of the water level of East Dongting Lake and the protection of water bird biodiversity.

关 键 词：东洞庭湖 冬季水鸟 水位波动 多样性 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]