海带水解物对泌乳奶牛生产性能及血清生化、抗氧化与免疫指标的影响  

Effects of Laminaria japonica Hydrolysate on Performance,Serum Biochemical,Antioxidant and Immune Indexes of Dairy Cows

作　　者：潘虹兆 李连涛 鞠林 周伟 张思聪 王中华[1] 林雪彦[1] PAN Hongzhao;LI Liantao;JU Lin;ZHOU Wei;ZHANG Sicong;WANG Zhonghua;LIN Xueyan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第4期2349-2360,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部—国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS36);山东省牛产业技术体系(SDAIT-09-01)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究补饲海带水解物(LPH)对奶牛生产性能及血清指标的影响。试验采用随机分组设计,选用90头胎次、体况相近,产奶量为(41.2±6.6)kg/d,泌乳天数为(125±16)d的高产荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为3组,每组30头。3组奶牛在饲喂相同的基础饲粮的基础上分别补饲0(对照组)、15(L组)、30 g/(头·d)LPH(H组)。试验期为60 d。结果显示:1)补饲15 g/(头·d)LPH对干物质采食量和产奶量没有显著影响(P>0.05),而补饲30 g/(头·d)LPH则能在不影响产奶量的同时显著降低干物质采食量(P<0.05)。2)补饲15或30 g/(头·d)LPH可以显著提高乳蛋白含量(P<0.05),并且有降低体细胞数的趋势(P=0.07),而对乳脂、乳糖、总固形物、乳尿素氮含量均没有显著影响(P>0.05)。3)补饲15或30 g/(头·d)LPH可以显著降低血清总胆固醇含量(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,H组血清葡萄糖和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量极显著提升(P<0.05),L组血清总蛋白含量有上升趋势(P=0.06),H组血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量有下降趋势(P=0.09);补饲15或30 g/(头·d)LPH对血清白蛋白、甘油三酯、尿素氮含量以及谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性均没有显著影响(P>0.05)。4)补饲15或30 g/(头·d)LPH可以极显著提高血清总抗氧化能力(P<0.01),显著提高血清超氧化物歧化酶活性(P<0.05),并在此基础上极显著降低血清中丙二醛含量(P<0.01)。5)补饲15或30 g/(头·d)LPH可极显著提高血清免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G含量(P<0.01),并且补饲15 g/(头·d)LPH还可显著提高血清免疫球蛋白M含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,补饲15 g/(头·d)LPH能够在不影响泌乳奶牛干物质采食量、产奶量的同时,可延缓产奶量下降、提高乳蛋白含量、降低乳中体细胞数,还可改善血清指标、增强机体抗氧化能力和免疫力。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementation of Laminaria japonica hydrolysate(LPH)on performance and serum indexes of dairy cows.Ninety high-yield Holstein dairy cows with similar body condition,milk yield of(41.2±6.6)kg/d and lactation days of(125±16)d were randomly divided into 3 groups with 30 cows in each group according to randomized grouping design.Cows in the three groups were fed the same basal diet,and the three groups were complementally fed 0(control group),15(L group)and 30 g/(head·d)LPH(H group),respectively.The experiment lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows:1)dairy cows complementally fed 15 g/(head·d)LPH had no significant effects on dry matter intake and milk yield(P>0.05),while dairy cows complementally fed 30 g/(head·d)LPH could significantly reduce dry matter intake without affecting milk yield(P<0.05).2)The supplementaion of 15 or 30 g/(head·d)LPH significantly increased milk protein content(P<0.05),and there was a trend of decrease in somatic cell number(P=0.07),while the it had no significant effects on milk fat,lactose,total solids and milk urea nitrogen contents(P>0.05).3)The supplementaion of 15 or 30 g/(head·d)LPH significantly decreased serum total cholesterol content(P<0.05).Serum glucose and high density lipoprotein cholesterol contents of cows in H group were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),serum total protein content of cows in L group had an upward trend(P=0.06),and serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)content in group H tended to decrease(P=0.09).The supplementaion of 15 or 30 g/(head·d)LPH had no significant effects on the contents of albumin,triglyceride,urea nitrogen and the activities of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase in serum(P>0.05).4)The supplementaion of 15 or 30 g/(head·d)LPH extremely significantly increased serum total antioxidant capacity(P<0.01),significantly increased serum superoxide dismutase activity(P<0.05),and significantly decreased serum malondialdehyde content(P<0.

关 键 词：海带水解物 奶牛 生产性能 血清生化 抗氧化 免疫 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]