饲粮中添加酵母菌-凝结芽孢杆菌联合发酵培养物对獭兔肠道形态、肠道通透性、盲肠发酵及微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Dietary Supplemented with Combined Yeast-Bacillus coagulans Fermentation Culture on Intestinal Morphology,Intestinal Permeability,Cecal Fermentation and Microflora of Rex Rabbits

作　　者：王国洲 于志凯 吴峰洋 夏苗 王俊峰 刘亚娟 陈宝江[1] WANG Guozhou;YU Zhikai;WU Fengyang;XIA Miao;WANG Junfeng;LIU Yajuan;CHEN Baojiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas,Baoding 071001,China;Jiangsu Yinong Bioengineering Co.,Ltd.,Suqian 223600,China;Mountainous Area Research Institute of Hebei Province,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定071001 [2]国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心,保定071001 [3]江苏奕农生物股份有限公司,宿迁223600 [4]河北农业大学山区研究所,保定071001

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第4期2557-2570,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家兔产业技术体系(CARS-43-B-2);河北省农业科技园区(基地)建设专项(20536603)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加酵母菌-凝结芽孢杆菌联合发酵培养物对獭兔肠道形态、肠道通透性、盲肠发酵及微生物区系的影响。选取160只35日龄体重相近的健康獭兔,随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复5只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.01%、0.02%和0.04%酵母菌-凝结芽孢杆菌联合发酵培养物的试验饲粮,预试期7 d,正试期56 d。结果显示:1)0.02%和0.04%添加组空肠隐窝深度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),0.02%添加组空肠绒隐比显著高于对照组(P<0.05),0.04%添加组回肠绒毛高度较对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。2)0.01%和0.02%添加组血清二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),各组间血清D-乳酸(D-LA)含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)各组间空肠、回肠和盲肠pH无显著差异(P>0.05),各组间盲肠中乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度及乙酸、丙酸和丁酸比例无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)0.02%和0.04%添加组Simpson指数较对照组呈提高趋势(0.05≤P<0.10)。在门水平上,疣微菌门相对丰度随酵母菌-凝结芽孢杆菌联合发酵培养物添加量的增加呈现先降低后升高的趋势(0.05≤P<0.10);0.02%添加组软壁菌门相对丰度显著高于0.01%和0.04%添加组(P<0.05),但各试验组与对照组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。在属水平上,瘤胃球菌科_UCG-014、艾克曼菌属、dgA-11_gut_group、副室杆菌属和罕见小球菌属相对丰度随酵母菌-凝结芽孢杆菌联合发酵培养物添加量的增加出现变化趋势(0.05≤P<0.10)。综上所述,饲粮中添加酵母菌-凝结芽孢杆菌联合发酵培养物可改善獭兔肠道形态,降低肠道通透性,对空肠、回肠和盲肠内pH以及盲肠发酵均无显著影响,但能够提高盲肠微生物多样性。结合前期生长性能结果,推荐添加量为0.02%~0.04%。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplemented with combined yeast and Bacillus coagulans fermentation culture on intestinal morphology,intestinal permeability,cecal fermentation and microflora of Rex rabbits.A total of 160 healthy Rex rabbits weaned at 35-day-old with similar body weight were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 8 replicates per group and 5 rabbits per replicate.Rex rabbits in the control group were fed a basal diet,while the others in experimental groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 0.01%,0.02% and 0.04% combined yeast and Bacillus coagulans fermentation culture based on the basal diet,respectively.The pretrial period lasted for 7 days and formal period lasted for 56 days.The results showed as follows:1)the crypt depth of jejunum in the 0.02%and 0.04%added groups was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),the jejunum villus height/crypt depth ratio in the 0.02% added group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the ileum villus height in the 0.04% added group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).2)The activity of diamine oxidase(DAO)in serum of 0.01% and 0.02% added groups was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the content of D-lactic acid(D-LA)in serum among all groups(P>0.05).3)There were no significant differences in the pH of jejunum,ileum and cecum among all groups(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the concentrations of acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid and the ratios of acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid in cecum among all groups(P>0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the Simpson index of 0.02% and 0.04% added groups showed an increasing trend(0.05≤P<0.10).At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing with the combined yeast and Bacillus coagulans fermentation cultu

关 键 词：酵母菌-凝结芽孢杆菌联合发酵培养物 獭兔 肠道形态 肠道通透性 挥发性脂肪酸 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]