饲粮中性洗涤纤维水平对塔里木马鹿瘤胃发酵参数、血清生化指标、食糜外流速度及采食反刍规律的影响  

Effects of Dietary Neutral Detergent Fiber Level on Rumen Fermentation Parameters,Serum Biochemical Indexes,Chyme Outflow Rate and Feeding and Rumination Law of Tarim Wapiti

作　　者：黄建智 盛月云 关鹏 任建刚 贾存辉 苏皮·赛迪 钱文熙[1,4] HUANG Jianzhi;SHENG Yueyun;GUAN Peng;REN Jiangang;JIA Cunhui;SUPI Saidi;QIAN Wenxi(College of Animal Science and Technology,Tarim University,Aral 843300,China;Jimsar County Grid Service Management Center,Changji 831700,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Shufu County,Kashgar 844100,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,Xinjiang Construction Corps,Aral 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院,阿拉尔843300 [2]吉木萨尔县网格化服务管理中心,昌吉831700 [3]疏附县畜牧兽医局,喀什844100 [4]新疆建设兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室,阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第4期2580-2592,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金——日粮能氮释放同步性对塔里木马鹿瘤胃内环境及氮利用效率的影响研究(31660671);国家自然科学基金——塔里木马鹿瘤胃微生物对荒漠饲草适应机制的研究(31460610)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究饲粮中性洗涤纤维(NDF)水平对塔里木马鹿瘤胃发酵参数、血清生化指标、食糜外流速度和采食反刍规律的影响。选择体况接近、年龄相同的雌性塔里木马鹿5头,采用5×5拉丁方试验设计,分别饲喂NDF水平为47%、42%、37%、32%和27%的试验饲粮。每个试验期21 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期6 d。结果表明:1)27%NDF水平组瘤胃pH显著低于37%、42%和47%NDF水平组(P<0.05),27%NDF水平组瘤胃氨态氮含量显著高于37%、42%和47%NDF水平组(P<0.05),27%NDF水平组瘤胃乙酸含量极显著低于42%和47%NDF水平组(P<0.01),47%NDF水平组瘤胃丙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸含量显著或极显著低于其他各组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。2)27%和32%NDF水平组血清尿素氮(UN)和葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著高于42%和47%NDF水平组(P<0.05)。3)随着饲粮NDF水平的降低,食糜外流速度降低,但各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)42%和47%NDF水平组反刍时间、反刍周期食团数显著高于27%NDF水平组(P<0.05),47%NDF水平组反刍周期显著高于27%NDF水平组(P<0.05),37%、42%和47%NDF水平组每个食团咀嚼次数极显著高于27%和32%NDF水平组(P<0.01),42%和47%NDF水平组每个食团咀嚼时间显著高于27%NDF水平组(P<0.05)。由此可见,37%~47%的饲粮NDF水平对塔里木马鹿瘤胃发酵参数、血清生化指标、食糜外流速度及采食反刍规律影响不大,说明塔里木马鹿对高纤维饲粮有较强的适应性。This experiment was conducted to explore the effects of dietary neutral detergent fiber(NDF)level on rumen fermentation parameters,serum biochemical indexes,chyme outflow rate and feeding and rumination law of tarim wapiti.Five female Tarim wapiti with similar body condition and the same age were selected and fed experimental diets with 47%,42%,37%,32% and 27% NDF levels using a 5×5 Latin square experimental design.Each trial period was 21 days,the pre-trial period was 15 days,and the formal trial period was 6 days.The results showed as follows:1)the rumen pH of 27% NDF level group was significantly lower than that of 37%,42%and 47%NDF level groups(P<0.05),the rumen ammonia nitrogen content of 27% NDF level group was significantly higher than that of 37%,42%and 47% NDF level groups(P<0.05),the rumen acetic acid content of 27% NDF level group was significantly lower than that of 42%and 47% NDF level groups(P<0.01),and the contents of propionic acid and total volatile fatty acids in rumen were significantly lower than those of other groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).2)The contents of urea nitrogen(UN)and glucose(GLU)in serum 27%and 32% NDF level group were significantly higher than those of 42% and 47% NDF level groups(P<0.05).3)With the dietary NDF level decreased,the chyme outflow rate decreased,but there was no significant difference among all groups(P>0.05).4)The rumination time and number of food bolus during rumination cycle of 42%and 47% NDF level groups were significantly higher than those of 27%NDF level group(P<0.05),the rumination cycle of 47% NDF level group was significantly higher than that of 27%NDF level group(P<0.05),the chew number for per food bolus of 37%,42% and 47% NDF level groups was significantly higher than that of 27% and 32% NDF level groups(P<0.01),the chew time for per food bolus of 42%and 47% NDF level groups was significantly higher than that of 27% NDF level group(P<0.05).In conclusion,the dietary NDF levels of 37%to 47% have little effects on the rumen fermentation parameters,serum biochem

关 键 词：塔里木马鹿 瘤胃发酵参数 采食反刍规律 食糜外流速度 

分 类 号：S825[农业科学—畜牧学]