8~10周龄雌性雉鸡饲粮适宜粗蛋白质水平研究  

Optimal Dietary Crude Protein Level of Female Pheasants Aged from 8 to 10 Weeks

作　　者：付曦瑶 陈丽红 郭颖妍 陈小丽 彭章蓉 孙伟丽[1,3] FU Xiyao;CHEN Lihong;GUO Yingyan;CHEN Xiaoli;PENG Zhangrong;SUN Weili(Special Animal Microbial Feed Engineering Research Center of Jilin Province,Special Animal Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization Innovation Engineering Center,Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China;Chifeng Vocational College of Applied Technology,Chifeng 024000,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,特种动物饲养及综合利用创新工程中心,吉林省特种动物微生物饲料工程研究中心,长春130112 [2]赤峰应用技术职业学院,赤峰024000 [3]青岛农业大学动物科技学院,青岛266109

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第4期2593-2605,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2020-ISAPS)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质水平对8~10周龄雌性雉鸡生长性能、氮代谢、营养物质表观代谢率和血清生化指标的影响,以确定8~10周龄雌性雉鸡饲粮粗蛋白质适宜水平。选取8周龄、初始体重为(357.87±22.60)g的健康雌性雉鸡300只,随机分为5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。5组雉鸡饲粮粗蛋白质水平分别为19.50%、21.00%、22.50%、24.00%和25.50%。预试期7 d,正试期21 d。结果表明:1)饲粮粗蛋白质水平显著影响雉鸡8~10周龄的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比(P<0.05);随着饲粮粗蛋白质水平的提高,平均日采食量和料重比呈线性、二次曲线和三次曲线降低(P<0.05),平均日增重呈二次曲线和三次曲线升高(P<0.05)。2)饲粮粗蛋白质水平对雉鸡食入氮、粪便氮和沉积氮含量有显著影响(P<0.05),但对氮利用率无显著影响(P>0.05);随着饲粮粗蛋白质水平的提高,食入氮、粪便氮和沉积氮含量呈线性、二次曲线和三次曲线升高(P<0.05)。3)饲粮粗蛋白质水平对雉鸡干物质、粗脂肪和总能表观代谢率无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)饲粮粗蛋白质水平对雉鸡血清葡萄糖、白蛋白、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量无显著影响(P>0.05),但对血清总蛋白、尿素和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量有显著影响(P<0.05);随着饲粮粗蛋白质水平的提高,血清总蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量呈二次曲线和三次曲线升高(P<0.05),血清尿素含量呈线性、二次曲线和三次曲线升高(P<0.05)。5)回归分析表明,饲粮粗蛋白质水平为23.98%和23.24%时,雉鸡能获得较低的平均日采食量和料重比;饲粮粗蛋白质水平为22.84%和22.73%时,血清总蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量较高。综上所述,结合生产成本和经济效益,同时应选择氮排放量较低的饲粮,因此建议8~10周龄雌性雉鸡饲粮适宜粗蛋白质水平为22.73%。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein levels on growth performance,nitrogen metabolism,apparent metabolic rates of nutrients and serum biochemical indices of female pheasants aged from 8 to 10 weeks,and to determine the optimal dietary crude protein level of female pheasants aged from 8 to 10 weeks.A total of 300 healthy female pheasants with an initial body weight of(357.87±22.60)g of 8-week-old were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 pheasants per replicate.The five groups were fed diets with 19.50%,21.00%,22.50%,24.00%and 25.50%crude protein levels,respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 7 days and the experimental period lasted for 21 days.The results showed as follows:1)dietary crude protein levels significantly affected the average daily gain,average daily feed intake and ratio of feed to gain of pheasants aged from 8 to 10 weeks(P<0.05).With the increase of dietary crude protein level,the average daily feed intake and ratio of feed to gain were decreased by linear,quadratic and cubic curves(P<0.05),and the average daily gain was increased by quadratic and cubic curves(P<0.05).2)Dietary crude protein levels had significant effects on the contents of nitrogen intake,fecal nitrogen and nitrogen retention of pheasants(P<0.05),but had no significant effects on nitrogen utilization rate(P>0.05).With the increase of dietary crude protein level,the contents of nitrogen intake,fecal nitrogen and nitrogen retention were increased by linear,quadratic and cubic curves(P<0.05).3)Dietary crude protein levels had no significant effects on apparent metabolic rates of dry matter,ether extract and gross energy of pheasants(P>0.05).4)Dietary crude protein levels had no significant effects on the contents of serum glucose,albumin,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglyceride and total cholesterol of pheasants(P>0.05),but had significant effects on the contents of serum total protein,urea and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of pheasants(P<

关 键 词：雉鸡 粗蛋白质 生长性能 氮代谢 营养物质表观代谢率 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]