绿洲城市道路绿化树种对土壤重金属富集转运特征及应用潜力  

Accumulation and Transport Characteristics of Soil Heavy Metals by Green Tree Species on Oasis Urban Road and Their Application Potential

作　　者：张纯曦 占玉芳 苗银 何靖 张婉婷 阿丽亚·拜都热拉[2] ZHANG Chun-xi;ZHAN Yu-fang;MIAO Yin;HE Jing;ZHANG Wan-ting;Aliya·BIDUZELA(Zhangye Academy of Forestry Sciences,Zhangye 734000,China;College of Forestry and Horticulture/Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]张掖市林业科学研究院,甘肃张掖734000 [2]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期246-253,共8页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：甘肃省青年科技基金计划:河西走廊地区抗土壤重金属污染绿化树种筛选(21JR7RG882)。

摘　　要：为筛选适合张掖市城市交通道路土壤重金属污染修复的绿化树种,在金张掖大道两侧采集6种主要绿化树种的树根、树皮和根际土壤样品,采用电感耦合等离子体法(ICP)和原子荧光法(AFS)测定了Cr、Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、Ni、As、Hg元素含量,通过计算富集系数、转运系数评价不同绿化树种对土壤重金属的富集和转运能力。结果表明:6种绿化树种不同器官重金属含量存在差异,白蜡树根中多种重金属元素含量最高,青海云杉树皮中多种重金属元素含量最高;青海云杉对Cd和Zn、白蜡对Cu的富集能力最强;丁香对Cr和Zn、连翘对Cd和Hg、青海云杉对Pb和As、白蜡对Cu、樟子松对Ni的转移能力最强。隶属函数计算结果指出,6种绿化树种对复合重金属污染的转运能力大小依次为青海云杉>樟子松>连翘>丁香>白蜡=白榆。综上所述,青海云杉作为张掖市交通道路土壤重金属污染修复绿化树种应用潜力巨大,但在日常生产应用中,要根据土壤重金属污染的类型选择相应的绿化树种进行栽植,以达到最佳修复效果。In order to select greening tree species suitable for the remediation of heavy metal pollution in the traffic road soil of Zhangye City.The roots,bark and rhizosphere soil samples of six main greening trees were collected on both sides of Jinzhangye Avenue,and the contents of Cr,Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn,Ni,As and Hg were determined by inductively coupled plasma(ICP)and atomic fluorescence spectrometry(AFS),The enrichment and transport capacity of different greening tree species to soil heavy metals were evaluated by calculating enrichment coefficient and transport coefficient.The results showed that the contents of heavy metals in different organs of six greening trees were different.The contents of many heavy metals in the roots of Fraxinus chinensis were the highest,and those in the bark of Picea crassifolia were the highest.P.crassifolia has the strongest ability to enrich Cd and Zn,and F.chinensis has the strongest ability to enrich Cu.Syzygium aromaticum to transfer Cr and Zn,Forsythia suspensa to Cd and Hg,Picea crassifolia to Pb and As,F.chinensis to Cu and Pinus sylvestris to Ni has the strongest ability.The calculation results of the membership function indicate that the transport capacity of the six greening trees to the compound heavy metal pollution is P.crassifolia>P.sylvestris>F.suspensa>S.aromaticum>F.chinensis=Ulmus pumila.To sum up,P.crassifolia has great potential as a green tree species for heavy metal pollution remediation of traffic road soil in Zhangye City.However,in daily production and application,appropriate green tree species should be selected and planted according to the type of heavy metal pollution in soil to achieve the best remediation effect.

关 键 词：城市绿化 土壤重金属 树木生态 

分 类 号：S718.45[农业科学—林学]