植物根孔构型与土壤优先流过程研究进展  

A review of researches on plant root channel architecture and soil preferential flow process

作　　者：段剑 王凌云 王玲[2] 杨洁 王剑[2] 汤崇军 郑海金 DUAN Jian;WANG Lingyun;WANG Ling;YANG Jie;WANG Jian;TANG Chongjun;ZHENG Haijin(Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention,Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering,330029,Nanchang,China;College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,430070,Wuhan,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省水利科学院,江西省土壤侵蚀与防治重点实验室,南昌330029 [2]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2023年第2期117-123,共7页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“生草覆盖下根孔构型对果园优先流运动过程的影响机制”(42107378);江西省自然科学基金“鄱阳湖流域植被恢复根系结构与土壤分离能力协同演变规律”(20192BAB214008);江西省技术创新引导类计划项目“农事活动影响下红壤坡地水土流失防控关键技术与应用”(20212AEI91011);江西省水利科技项目“红壤坡耕地水肥协同提升的绿肥耕作技术研究”(202223YBKT12)。

摘　　要：植物根孔增加大孔隙网络的密度和连通性,促进土壤优先流发生。然而根孔在土壤中分布的构型特征复杂,揭示根孔构型特征影响土壤优先流过程的内在机制,对水资源高效管理、降低地下水污染和滑坡、泥石流等灾害风险具有重要意义。因此,笔者通过Web of Science和中国知网等数据库,检索获取截至2020年的相关研究文献,主要综述根孔构型的影响因素、量化方法及其对土壤优先流影响的研究进展,发现植物种类、年限季节、土壤属性等均会改变根孔的构型特征,但各因素的作用机制仍不清楚;CT扫描成像技术是量化根孔构型特征的有效方法;通过大孔隙阻断方法,能实地量化土壤入渗过程中优先流过程和基质入渗过程;植物根孔有效改良土壤入渗性能,土壤优先流通量与根孔数量、直径、表面积和体积等二维参数呈正相关关系。今后应深入研究根孔发育机制及其构型特征。加强根孔构型对土壤优先流过程的影响及作用机制的研究,是深入揭示土壤优先流运动机理的重要方向。[Background]Root channels formed by the alive roots and rotten roots play an important role in increasing preferential flow and altering hydrological processes such as soil infiltration.The root channel architecture characteristics are very complex and difficult to describe accurately and quantitatively.The influence mechanisms of root channels on preferential flow infiltration process are theoretically beneficial to water resources management,groundwater pollution,landslides and mudslides prevention.[Methods]In view of this research hotspot,numerous literature retrieval were carried out with“root channels”“architecture characteristics”“preferential flow”“matrix infiltration”“soil infiltration”and“soil moisture”as keywords in the Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)databases.These keywords appeared very frequently in relevant fields.Representative literatures were selected for analysis and integration in the previous studies by the end of 2020.The influencing factors,quantitative measurement methods of plant root channel architecture were in detailed described,and the influences of root channel architecture on soil preferential flow infiltration process were discussed.[Results]1)The biological and abiotic factors,such as plant species,planting time,soil properties,and management measures significantly influence root channel architecture and the mechanism of each influencing factor are still unclear.In the past,due to technical methods and other limitations,soil macropores from different sources were often studied together during the study of preferential flow,without separately considering the characteristics of plant root channels and their importance.2)In recent years,it has become a trend to use CT scanning imaging technology to obtain three-dimensional parameters of root channel architecture,which can characterize the network structure of large pores from different sources(biopores and non-biopores)as a whole.3)Preferential flow and soil matrix infiltration

关 键 词：植物根孔 构型特征 土壤优先流 基质入渗 土壤入渗 土壤水分 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]