纵墙开洞的砌体结构抗震性能多因素分析  

Multi-factor analysis of seismic performance of masonry structure with openings in longitudinal wall

作　　者：张望喜[1,2] 田慧 吴昊[1] 李勃 史佳佳 易伟建[1,2] ZHANG Wangxi;TIAN Hui;WU Hao;LI Bo;SHI Jiajia;YI Weijian(College of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410012,China;Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Diagnosis for Engineering Structures of Hunan University,Changsha 410012,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410012 [2]湖南大学工程结构损伤诊断湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410012

出　　处：《地震工程与工程振动》2023年第2期42-55,共14页Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52078201)。

摘　　要：多次震害资料表明大量砌体结构房屋在地震中严重损坏,而其中多数是由于开洞纵墙的抗震性能不足所引起的。为掌握影响开洞纵墙抗震性能的各类因素,在模型及参数合理性验证的基础上,基于ABAQUS软件建立了17片墙片模型与系列考虑不同构造措施与房屋高度的整体结构模型,获得了开洞率、开洞方式、构造柱、水平系梁和窗边柱等参数对墙体抗震性能的影响,给出了构造柱的最佳配筋率、讨论了不同构造情况下多层砌体结构的适用烈度和高度。结果表明:中部构造柱对墙片的位移延性影响较大;墙体开洞会明显削弱墙片的变形能力和耗能能力,但洞口边缘的混凝土水平系梁和窗边柱能提高墙片的变形能力和延性;组合适当的构造措施,能提高砌体结构的使用范围。最终为纵墙开洞的砌体结构抗震性能设计和控制给出了措施和建议。Many earthquake damage data show that a large number of masonry buildings have been seriously damaged in the earthquake,and most of them are caused by the insufficient seismic performance of the longitudinal walls with openings.In order to master the various factors affecting the seismic performance of the longitudinal wall with openings,based on the rationality verification of the model and parameters,17 wall models and series of overall structural models considering different structural measures and house heights were established based on the ABAQUS software,the influence of parameters such as opening rate,opening method,structural column,horizontal tie beam,and window side column on the seismic performance of the wall was obtained,the optimal reinforcement ratio of structural columns is given,and the applicable intensity and height of multi-layer masonry structures under different structural conditions are discussed.The results show that:the central structural column has a greater influence on the displacement ductility of the wall.The opening of the wall will obviously weaken the deformation and energy dissipation capacity of the wall,but the concrete horizontal tie beams and window side columns at the edge of the opening can improve the deformability and ductility of the wall.Combination of appropriate structural measures can increase the use range of masonry structures.Finally,suggestions are given for the seismic performance design and control of the masonry structure with openings in the longitudinal wall.

关 键 词：开洞纵墙 砌体结构 抗震性能 有限元分析 参数分析 

分 类 号：TU365[建筑科学—结构工程]