植物促生细菌阻控小麦吸收镉和砷的效应研究  

Effects of plant growth-promoting bacteria on inhibiting the uptake of cadmium and arsenic by wheat

作　　者：许天宇 夏涛 王晓菡 XU Tianyu;XIA Tao;WANG Xiaohan(State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking,School of Biological Engineering,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250353,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)生物工程学院生物基材料与绿色造纸国家重点实验室,山东济南250353

出　　处：《齐鲁工业大学学报》2023年第2期52-60,共9页Journal of Qilu University of Technology

基　　金：制浆造纸科学与技术教育部/山东省重点实验室开放基金(KF201817);生物基材料与绿色造纸国家重点实验室开放基金(ZZ20190309)。

摘　　要：重金属在土壤和作物中的富集,严重影响作物生长,造成粮食减产,同时也会危害人类健康。许多研究发现,植物促生细菌对促进植物的生长和阻隔重(类)金属转移方面发挥重要作用。通过盆栽试验,在不同浓度Cd和As复合污染土壤中,研究Ralstonia eutropha Q2-8和Pseudomonas entomophila Q3-11对分蘖期扬麦16生长、Cd和As含量的影响。结果表明,菌株Q2-8和Q3-11的施用能够有效减轻重金属污染对小麦生长的胁迫,阻隔小麦对重金属的吸收。在高浓度Cd (2 mg·kg^(-1))+As (60 mg·kg^(-1))复合污染条件下,与不接菌对照相比,菌株Q2-8和Q3-11施用后能显著提高小麦生物量,(20%~32%),显著降低小麦根部和地上部Cd(21%~35%)和As(25%~38%)含量,并显著提高小麦根际土壤铁锰氧化态Cd(34%~46%)和专性吸附态As(38%~39%)含量,显著降低有效态Cd(20%~22%)和As(22%~27%)含量。此外,在功能菌株Q2-8和Q3-11作用下,土壤中细菌As还原基因arsC和甲基转移酶基因arsM的相对丰度,以及铁锰氧化细菌Leptothrix spp.的相对丰度显著增加。本研究结果表明了在重(类)金属土壤污染中使用原位钝化修复技术安全生产小麦的可能性。The enrichment of heavy metals in soil and crops will seriously affect crop growth,cause grain production reduction,and also do harm to human health.Many studies have found that plant growth promoting bacteria play an important role in promoting plant growth and blocking the transfer of heavy metals.The effects of Ralstonia eutropha Q2-8 and Pseudomonas entomophila Q3-11 on plant growth,Cd and As uptake of wheat(Triticum aestivum,L.yangmai 16)at tillering stage were studied in the soil polluted by Cd and As in different concentrations through pot experiments.The results showed that the use of bacteria strain Q2-8 and Q3-11 could lessen the stress of the pollution of heavy metals on the growth of wheat,and separate the absorption of heavy metals on wheat.Compared with the controls,inoculated with these strains significantly increased the biomass(20%~32%)and reduced the root and shoot Cd(21%~35%)and As(25%~38%)contents of the wheat plant in high(2 mg·kg^(-1) Cd+60 mg·kg^(-1) As)Cd+As-contaminated soil.Inoculation with strains Q2-8 and Q3-11 significantly decreased the content of available Cd(20%~22%)and As(22%~27%),but increased the content of NH 2 OH-HCl-extractable Cd(34%~46%)and NH 4 H 2 PO 4-extractable As(38%~39%)in the rhizosphere soils of wheat in high metal(loid)-polluted soils.Besides,the relative abundances of bacterial As reducing gene arsC and methyltransferase gene arsM in soil,and the relative abundance of Fe-and Mn-oxidizing Leptothrix species in rhizosphere soils were significantly increased in the present of strains Q2-8 and Q3-11.These results suggested the possibility of using bacteria for in situ remediation and safe production of wheat in metal(loid)-polluted soils.

关 键 词：植物促生细菌 镉 砷 小麦 重(类)金属固定 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]