欧盟2023—2027年新共同农业政策演变逻辑、发展趋向与改革思考  

EU’s New Common Agricultural Policy for 2023-2027:Evolution Logic,Development Trend and Reform Thinking

作　　者：宗义湘[1] 宋洋 崔海霞[1] ZONG Yixiang;SONG Yang;CUI Haixia

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学经济管理学院,保定071000

出　　处：《世界农业》2023年第5期5-18,共14页World Agriculture

基　　金：国家社会科学后期资助项目“欧盟农业支持政策研究”(20FJYB033),农业农村部“国际农业支持政策研究”,河北省新型智库“河北农业大学乡村振兴战略研究中心项目”(HB21ZK11)。

摘　　要：本文立足欧盟及成员国两个层面,分析了欧盟新共同农业政策(新CAP)的演变逻辑与发展趋向,揭示了变革中政策背景、目标与工具间的内在机理。结果表明:新CAP保留了以两大支柱为核心的框架体系,进一步简化了冗余政策,增加了市场支持预算,强化了中小型农场支持,调整了绿色发展政策工具,加强了智慧乡村项目建设。同时,赋予成员国创设空间,欧盟做出导向性部署,由成员国量体裁衣自主制定适应性政策。总的来看,新CAP以公平权利为规则,确保农民机会均等;以乡村环境保护为抓手,推进生态农业发展;以核心竞争力为基础,着力提升产业链综合效益;强调绩效结果,提高政策实施效率。借鉴欧盟新CAP改革,中国应健全监督考核机制,让农民更多分享产业增值收益,增强农业绿色发展支持,强化金融保险工具应用,推进数字技术赋能农业发展。Based on the EU and its member states,this paper analyzes the evolution logic and development trend of the new CAP,and reveals the internal mechanism among the policy background,objectives and tools in the reform.The results show that the new CAP retains the framework system with two pillars as the core,and further simplifies redundant policies.The market support budget was increased,the support for small and medium-sized farms was strengthened,the green development policy tools were adjusted,and the construction of smart village projects was strengthened.At the same time,the member States are given space to create,the EU makes guiding arrangements,and the member States independently formulate adaptive policies according to their own needs.Generally speaking,the new CAP takes fair rights as the rule to ensure equal opportunities for farmers;committed to rural environmental protection and promoting the development of ecological agriculture;based on the core competitiveness,focus on improving the comprehensive benefits of the industrial chain;emphasize performance results and improve the efficiency of policy implementation.Drawing lessons from the new CAP reform of the EU,China should improve the supervision and assessment mechanism,let farmers share more industrial value-added benefits,strengthen the support for agricultural green development,strengthen the application of financial and insurance tools,and promote the development of digital technology empowering agriculture.

关 键 词：欧盟新CAP 演变逻辑 农业竞争力 绿色生态 乡村数字化 

分 类 号：F35[经济管理—产业经济] F323