水位对若尔盖高原湿地植物群落结构和植物功能性状的影响  

Effects of Groundwater on Community Structure and Plant Functional Traits in the Zoige Plateau Wetland

作　　者：胡静 张桥英 张运春 崔远远 谭晶华 Hu Jing;Zhang Qiaoying;Zhang Yunchun;Cui Yuanyuan;Tan Jinghua(School of Geographical Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan 637009,China;Engineering Laboratory of Soil Erosion Monitoring and Control in Arid Valley of Sichuan Province,Nanchong,Sichuan 637009,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Xihua Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学地理科学学院,四川南充637009 [2]四川省干旱河谷土壤侵蚀监测与控制工程实验室,四川南充637009 [3]西华师范大学,环境科学与工程学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《绿色科技》2023年第6期22-29,共8页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原科学考察项目(编号:2019QZKK0304);西华师范大学博士启动项目(编号:17E037)。

摘　　要：植物群落和地下水位对湿地的生态系统至关重要,地下水位的变化会改变植物群落结构和湿地植物功能性状。然而,目前对高原湿地植物群落与地下水位关系的研究主要集中在植物群落结构和生物量等方面,对同样易受环境变化影响的植物功能性状关注较少。为了解植物群落结构和植物功能性状对地下水位变化的响应,以若尔盖高原湿地为研究对象,在红原县日干桥地区选择了4个不同地下水位的样地,研究植物群落结构和功能性状变化特征与不同地下水位之间的关系。结果表明:①植物群落结构变化与地下水位变化具有显著相关性,Shannon-Weiner指数和Margalef丰富度指数随地下水位的升高而降低,植物群落的优势种由矮地榆(Sanguisorba filiformis)和花葶驴蹄草(Caltha scaposa)等杂草类植物变为木里薹草等莎草科植物(Cyperaceae)。然而,在一定的地下水位下,物种多样性也相应增加;②地下水位的增高相应地影响群落加权平均值(community weighted mean,CWM)的变化,CWM Plant height和CWM Leaf dry weight随地下水位增高而升高,CWM Leaf area和CWM Specific leaf area随地下水位增高而降低(CWM株高、CWM叶干重、CWM叶面积和CWM比叶面积);③植物根系的表面积(Root surface area)、体积(Root volume)、平均直径(Root average diameter)与地下水位变化具有显著相关性,且随地下水位的升高而降低。研究发现,植物功能性状受地下水位变化的影响较大。因此,也应加强对高原湿地植物功能性状的研究,为保护高原湿地提供科学依据。Plant communities and groundwater level are essential for wetland formation ecosystems,and changes in groundwater levels can change the structure of plant communities and functional traits of wetland plants.However,the current research on the relationship between plant communities and groundwater levels in plateau wetlands mainly focused on species structure and biomass.Less attention has been paid to plant functional traits,which are also susceptible to environmental changes.In order to clarify the response of species structure and plant functional traits to changes in groundwater level,the Zoige Plateau wetland was taken as the research object,and 4 sample plots with different groundwater levels in Riganqiao area of Hongyuan county were selected to investigate the plant community structure and functional trait change characteristics with relationship between different groundwater level.The results showed that①There is significant correlation between changes in plant community structure and changes in groundwater level,with species diversity and species richness decreasing with increasing groundwater level,and the dominant species of the plant community changed from Trollius farreri and Thalictrum alpinum to Cyperaceae plants.It correlated significantly with groundwater level(P<0.05).However,there is a corresponding increase in species diversity at a certain groundwater level.②Increasing groundwater level resulted in changes in plant community structure and correspondingly influenced community-weight mean trait(CWM)changed;CWM PH and CWM LDW increased;CW MLA and CWM SLA decreased(CWM plant height,CWM leaf dry weight,CWM leaf area,and CWM specific leaf area).③There was a significant correlation between the surface area,root volume and root average diameter of plant roots and the groundwater level(P<0.05),and decreased with the increase of groundwater level.Previous studies focused on changes in plant community structures.The study found that plant functional traits were greatly affected by changes in ground

关 键 词：水位梯度 群落结构 植物功能性状 

分 类 号：Q948.11[生物学—植物学]