2015—2021年上海市集体儿童健康状况和卫生保健人员基本情况分析  

Analysis on conditions of collective children’s health and health care personnel in Shanghai from 2015 to 2021

作　　者：马腹婵 张晶 杨露露 牛大彦 尹英 彭咏梅 MA Fuchan;ZHANG Jing;YANG Lulu;NIU Dayan;YIN Ying;PENG Yongmei(Department of Child Healthcare,Shanghai Maternal and Child Health Center,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市妇幼保健中心儿童保健科,上海200062

出　　处：《教育生物学杂志》2023年第2期99-103,108,共6页Journal of Bio-education

基　　金：上海市儿童健康服务能力建设专项规划(2016—2020年):儿童早期发展项目;上海市卫生健康委员会科研课题(201940499)。

摘　　要：目的分析上海市集体儿童健康状况和卫生保健人员基本情况,为规范集体儿童卫生保健工作提供参考依据。方法收集和分析2015—2021年上海市托幼机构儿童体检情况年报数据、传染病和事故月报数据;采用自编问卷调查2015年和2021年卫生保健人员基本情况。结果2015—2021年上海市集体儿童营养不良检出率维持在较低水平,贫血和龋齿检出率呈下降趋势;肥胖检出率上升趋势得到控制,但发生率较高;视力不良检出检出率呈上升趋势;2021年市区集体儿童整体健康状况优于郊区;2015—2021年上海市托幼机构传染病的发生率整体呈下降趋势,伤害的发生率处于低位。与2015年比较,2021年的儿童与保健人员配比更优;达到150:1标准的托幼机构数占比明显增加,且市区高于郊区;保健人员中从事本岗位年限10年以下和职称未定级者占比增加。结论上海市集体儿童保健需重点关注肥胖和视力保健;卫生保健人员数量的增加对集体儿童保健工作起到积极作用,但是队伍的专业性和稳定性仍需加强。Objective To analyze the conditions of collective children’s health and health care personnel in Shang-hai,and provide reference for further standardizing the health care work of collective children.Methods The data of annual physical examination of children and monthly reports of infectious diseases and accidents in nurseries and kindergartens in Shanghai from 2015 to 2021 were collected and analyzed.The basic situation of health care personnel in 2015 and 2021 was investigated by self-made questionnaires.Results From 2015 to 2021,protein-energy malnutrition of collective chil-dren in Shanghai remained at a low level.Anemia and dental caries showed a downward trend.The rising trend of obesity was controlled but the incidence remained at a high level.Ametropia showed an upward trend.In 2021,the overall health status of collective children in urban areas was better than that in suburban areas.The overall incidence of infectious diseases was decreasing and the incidence of injuries was low from 2015 to 2021.In terms of the ratio of children to health care personnel,the proportion of institutions met the 150:1 standard in 2021 and was higher than that in 2015.In urban areas,the proportions were higher than those in suburban areas.The proportions of health care personnel without professional titles and engaged in this post for less than 10 years increased.Conclusion Obesity and vision care should be focused on in the collective child health care in Shanghai.The increase in the number of health care personnel has played a positive role in collective child health care,but the professionalism and stability of the team still need to be strengthened.

关 键 词：集体儿童 卫生保健人员 托幼机构 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]