藏系绵羊牧草表观物质消化率及血清生化指标物候期变化  

Changes of Nutrient Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indexes in Tibetan Sheep at Different Plant Phenological Stages

作　　者：刘宏金[1,2] 胡林勇[1,2] 徐世晓[1,2] 韩学平 罗崇亮 张骞 LIU Hongjin;HU Linyong;XU Shixiao;HAN Xueping;LUO Chongliang;ZHANG Qian(Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology/Institute of Sanjiangyuan National Park,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qinghai,Xining 810008;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qinghai,Xining 810008;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所/中国科学院三江源国家公园研究院,青海西宁810008 [2]中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2023年第3期51-58,共8页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501905);中国科学院战略先导科技专项(XDA20050104);青海省科技支撑项目(219-SF-149)。

摘　　要：为揭示青藏高原高寒草甸全年放牧藏系绵羊牧草表观物质消化率和血清生化指标在不同牧草物候期下的变化特征,试验分别在牧草返青期(5月2日)、青草期(7月12日)和枯草期(12月7日)对藏系绵羊(n=10)牧草干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的消化率进行测定,然后通过对血清生化指标的检测,探究藏系绵羊血清中心肌酶、能量及脂代谢、部分激素、钙磷代谢、肾功能及免疫功能指标的物候期变化规律。结果表明:青草期藏系绵羊牧草DM、CP和ADF的消化率显著高于返青期和枯草期(P<0.05);心肌酶活性方面,藏系绵羊血清中肌酸激酶活性(CK)在枯草期显著低于其他两个物候期(P<0.05),乳酸脱氢酶活性(LDH)随物候期推移表现出青草期>返青期>枯草期(P<0.05);能量及脂代谢方面,葡萄糖(GLU)含量随物候期推移表现出青草期>返青期>枯草期(P<0.05),胆固醇(TC)含量在青草期显著高于其他物候期(P<0.05);激素方面,生长激素胰岛素生长因子IGF-1、IGF-2和胃泌素的含量在青草期显著高于返青期和枯草期(P<0.05);钙磷代谢方面,除血清中Ca的含量在返青期显著低于其他物候期外(P<0.05),P和Ca/P值在各物候期间无显著差异。肾功能方面,血清中BUN和UA在返青期显著高于青草期和枯草期,Gr在枯草期显著高于其他物候期(P<0.05);免疫功能方面,IgA和IgM含量在青草期显著高于其他物候期(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,全年放牧不利于藏系绵羊对牧草营养物质消化及机体各功能的发挥,尤其是在返青期和枯草期应当进行适当的补饲提高家畜生产效率。To reveal the variation of herbage apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indexes of Tibetan sheep fully grazed on the alpine meadows during different plant phenological periods on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau,fecal and blood samples were collected from Tibetan sheep raised under regreen(May 2),grassy(July 12)and withering period(December 7)to determine their digestibility of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),acid detergent fiber(ADF),and neutral detergent fiber(NDF).Then the myocardial enzyme,energy and lipid metabolism,some hormones,calcium and phosphorus metabolism,renal,and serum biochemical indexes in the sheep’s serum were measured for each phenological period.The results showed that the digestibility of DM,CP,and ADF of Tibetan sheep in grassy period was significantly higher than that in regreen and withering period(P<0.05);in terms of myocardial enzymes,creatine kinase activity(CK)in withering period was significantly lower than the other two periods(P<0.05).Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)activity decreased from grassy to withering period(P<0.05);as to energy and lipid metabolism,the content of glucose(GLU)decreased from grassy to withering period(P<0.05)and cholesterol(TC)were significantly higher than that in other treatments;when it comes to hormones,the contents of insulin growth factor IGF-1 and IGF-2 in grassy period were significantly higher than that in regreen and withering periods(P<0.05);as for the calcium-phosphorus metabolism,the content of Ca in regreen period was significantly lower than that in other treatments(P<0.05),while there is no significant difference for the values of P and Ca among different phenologiacal periods.As to renal function,the contents of BUN and UA in regreen period were significantly higher than that in grassy and withering periods,while Gr content was remarkably higher in withering period than in other periods(P<0.05);for immune function,the content of IgA and IgM content in grassy period were significantly higher than that in the other phenological periods(P<0.05).I

关 键 词：物候期 藏系绵羊 全年放牧 营养物质表观消化率 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S826.5[农业科学—畜牧学]