重点生态功能区农户生计对生态资源依赖性及其影响因素——以湖南省慈利县为例  

Dependence of Farmer Livelihood on Ecological Resources in Key Ecological Function Areas and Its Influencing Factors:A Case Study of Cili County,Hunan Province

作　　者：熊鹰 申翠玲[2] 尹建军 邱佳炜 唐健飞 XIONG Ying;SHEN Cuiling;YIN Jianjun;QIU Jiawei;TANG Jianfei(College of Geography and Tourism,Huanggang Normal University,Huanggang 438000,Hubei,China;College of Architecture,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410076,Hunan,China;Duke University,Durham 27705;School of Law,Jiangxi University of Finance and EconomicsNanchang 330013,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]黄冈师范学院地理与旅游学院,湖北黄冈438000 [2]长沙理工大学建筑学院,湖南长沙410076 [3]杜克大学,美国北卡罗来纳州达勒姆城277054 [4]江西财经大学法学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《经济地理》2023年第3期188-197,239,共11页Economic Geography

基　　金：湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会课题(XSP18ZDI031);长沙理工大学土木工程重点学科创新性项目(17ZDXK02)。

摘　　要：农户生计与生态资源关系密切,其生产、生活以及对生态资源的依赖性对维护区域的生态功能,实现区域可持续发展具有重要影响。选取湖南省慈利县为研究区域,基于实地调研与农户调查,分析农户生计对生态资源的依赖度,并利用地理探测器分析其主要影响因素,同时采用Logistic回归模型分析各影响因素的作用效果。结果表明:(1)总体上看,农户对生态资源的生计依赖程度偏高,具体分别是54.6%的食物依赖度、38.9%的能源依赖度和48.8%的收入依赖度。(2)农户所处区域和所属类型的不同所产生的生态资源的依赖性差别较大。位于农业生产主导区、生态保护核心区以及家庭劳动力受教育水平较高的农户较低依赖生态资源维持生计,资源依赖度分别为0.48、0.40、0.38;而较高依赖于生态资源维持生计的是高抚养比农户,其资源依赖度达0.73。(3)对农户资源依赖性影响较大的是林地面积、市场信息渠道、劳动力比重、外出打工比重、生计方式等,因子解释力分别为0.54、0.49、0.48、0.47、0.41。其中,受教育水平、劳动力比重、非农化水平、生态政策等是负向影响,健康状况、家庭抚养比、资源禀赋等为正向影响。Farmers'livelihood is closely related to ecological resources,Farmers'production,life and the dependence on ecological resources have an important impact on maintaining regional ecological functions and realizing regional sustainable development.Based on the field investigation and the household survey,this paper analyzes the dependence degree of farmers'livelihood on ecological resources in Cili County of Hunan Province,uses the geographical detector to analyze the main influencing factors.Meanwhile,it analyzes the effects of each influencing factor by Logistic regression model.The study shows that:1)In general,farmers have a high degree of dependence on the livelihood of ecological resources,specifically 54.6%dependence on food,38.9%dependence on energy and 48.8%dependence on income.2)The dependence of ecological resources caused by the different regions and types of farmers is quite different.The farmers who are in the leading agricultural production areas,the core areas of ecological protection and the higher education level of the family labor force are less dependent on ecological resources to maintain their livelihoods,and the resource dependence degrees are 0.48,0.40 and 0.38,respectively.However,the farmers with high dependency ratio are highly dependent on ecological resources to maintain their livelihood,and the resource dependence reaches 0.73.3)Factors affecting farmers'dependence on ecological resources are forestland area,market information channel,the proportion of labor force,the level of non-farming,the proportion of migrant workers,the livelihood mode,with explanatory power of0.54,0.49,0.48,0.47 and 0.41,respectively.The negative impacts on the dependence of farmers on ecological resources are the proportion of labor force,the level of non-farming and the ecological policy,the positive impacts are health status,family dependency ratio and resource endowment.

关 键 词：农户生计 生态资源 农户收入 食物和能源 重点生态功能区 生计依赖度 生态政策 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济]