从安全到发展:中国参与地区合作的范式转变——以中柬关系的演变发展为主线  

From Security to Development:A Shift Paradigm of China's Participation in Regional Cooperation--A Case Study on Sino-Cambodian Relation

作　　者：席桂桂[1,2] 陈水胜 XI Guigui;CHEN Shuisheng

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学国际关系学院,重庆400031 [2]四川外国语大学联合国与可持续发展研究中心 [3]退役军人事务部安置司

出　　处：《外交评论（外交学院学报）》2023年第2期49-75,I0002,I0003,共29页Foreign Affairs Review

基　　金：重庆市社科规划项目“周边国家对华外交再平衡对重庆参与‘一带一路’经贸合作影响研究”(项目编号:2019YBGJ021);2018年重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究一般项目(项目编号:18SKSJ046);四川外国语大学2018年度科研一般项目(项目编号:SISU2018020)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：伴随改革开放和经济发展,中国的综合国力和国际地位得到显著提升,在对外援助方面更实现了从重要受援国向新兴援助国的转变。与此同时,中国在地区层面从重点关注地区和周边安全合作逐渐转向发展援助和发展合作,这一转变尤其体现在中国与周边中小国家关系的发展变化中,其中中柬关系的演变和发展最具代表性。柬埔寨是中国第一个开展对非社会主义国家无偿援助的国家,也是第一个与中国签署“构建命运共同体行动计划”的国家,当前中柬政治互信、经济发展和战略合作都提升到了空前高度。本文借助“安全—发展”联结框架,以中国参与地区合作的范式转变为理论背景,梳理和分析中柬关系的历史发展和变化。为了维护柬埔寨国家安全与地区秩序,中国在柬埔寨战后和平重建进程中展开了积极的斡旋外交。在柬埔寨完成国家重建、开启经济社会重建阶段后,出于中柬两国共同发展的需求,中国对柬埔寨实施了以民生发展为主的经济援助与发展合作,中柬双方战略关系得到极大提升,呈现出从“以安全为导向”到“以发展为导向”的范式转变。With the Reform and Opening Up Policy introduced in 1978,China's impressive record of economic development has significantly improved both its comprehensive national power and international status.In terms of foreign aid,China has transitioned from an important aid-recipient country to an emerging foreign aid donor.At the regional level,China has shifted its foreign policy focus from regional security cooperation to development aid and development cooperation.Such a change has been particularly reflected China's relations with its small and medium-sized neighboring countries.The Sino-Cambodian relationship is a typical case for exploring this kind of shifting process.Cambodia is not only the first non-communist country that China provides aid gratis,but also the first country to sign the Action Plan on Building a Community of a Shared Future with China.Currently,the political mutual trust,bilateral economic development and strategic cooperation are all reaching an unprecedented height.Using the security-development nexus as a theoretical framework,and taking the paradigm shift of China's participation in regional cooperation as the theoretical background,this paper offers a detailed historical overview of the evolution of Sino-Cambodian relations.To maintain Cambodia's national security and East Asian regional order,China played the role of a positive international mediator during Cambodia's post-conflict peacebuilding process.After Cambodia accomplished its national reconstruction and entered into a new phrase of socio-economic reconstruction,China has provided economic assistance and development cooperation to Cambodia oriented towards improving people's livelihood,based on shared development imperative.The strategic partnership between China and Cambodia has been greatly enhanced with a paradigm shift of China's participation in regional cooperation from a"security-oriented"approach to a"development-oriented"approach.

关 键 词：中柬关系 安全—发展联结 外交斡旋 对外援助 国际发展合作 命运共同体 

分 类 号：D822.333.5[政治法律—政治学] F125[政治法律—外交学] F133.5[经济管理—世界经济]