战争、革命与中国现代外交叙事的形成——基于20世纪30年代外交知识类图书的考察  

War,Revolution,and the Making of China's Modern Diplomatic Narrative--A Study Based on Books about Diplomatic Knowledge Published in the 1930s

作　　者：赫佳妮 HE Jiani

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际关系学院,北京100871

出　　处：《外交评论（外交学院学报）》2023年第2期76-103,I0003,I0004,共30页Foreign Affairs Review

摘　　要：中国战争与革命的社会环境和话语体系深刻影响了20世纪30年代面向大众的外交知识叙事。现代外交概念在向大众普及的过程中逐渐成为了一种以力量和胜利为核心的概念工具、号召民众参与外交的动员工具、规范国民外交运动的规训工具。战场上强调克敌制胜、集结力量、反抗精神、积极斗争、服从领导、有组织有纪律等军事话语全方位渗透到大众外交知识读本的语言中。中国在战争与革命的背景中利用“外交”概念以及相关知识信息,向大众普及了一个强权林立的世界现实,而中国也需要动员和组织民众通过积极的反抗和斗争、以严密的组织和纪律谋求弱势国家的外交空间和胜利。现代外交概念在中国走向大众的历史固然有欧美外交民主化思潮的影子,但是却最终在中国战争、革命和反抗侵略的民族话语中得以生根。War and revolution,which characterized China's social environment and discourse in the 1930s,influenced the narrative about diplomatic knowledge conveyed to the public.As the concept of modern diplomacy was gradually popularized and disseminated,it became a conceptual tool that centered on power and triumph,a strategy for mobilizing the masses,and a means discipline national diplomatic movements.Military expressions,such"vanquishing the enemy and winning victory","building up strength","raising the spirit of resistance","obeying orders",and"being well-organized and highly disciplined",infiltrated the language of popular literature on diplomatic knowledge.By conceptualizing"diplomacy"against the backdrop of war and revolution,these books portrayed the world as an arena for powers,in which China,as a weak country,had to struggle for diplomatic spaces and victory through mass mobilization,determined resistance,and disciplined forces.Despite the European-American influence of democratic diplomacy,the popularization of the concept of modern diplomacy in China was embedded in war,revolution,and the nationalist discourse of resisting aggression.

关 键 词：战争 革命 现代外交叙事 中国外交 外交知识类图书 

分 类 号：D829[政治法律—政治学]