诺如病毒在我国鲜食农产品中污染情况的研究进展  

Norovirus Contamination of Fresh Produce in China

作　　者：刘贤金 王少萌[1,2] 谢雅晶 LIU Xianjin;WANG Shaomeng;XIE Yajing(School of Food&Biological Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base,Ministry of Science and Technology,Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality,Key laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation(Nanjing),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学食品与生物工程学院,镇江212013 [2]江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,农业部农产品质量安全控制技术与标准重点实验室,农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(南京),江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《病毒学报》2023年第2期561-571,共11页Chinese Journal of Virology

基　　金：国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目(项目号:GJFP20210202),题目:鲜食农产品产供过程中诺如病毒的污染风险评估;国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目(项目号:GJFP20181303),题目:蔬菜病虫害残余物摸底排查与关键控制点评估;国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目(项目号:GJFP201701301),题目:蔬菜病虫害残余物摸底排查与关键控制点评估。

摘　　要：本文结合近年我国多地对鲜食农产品中诺如病毒的污染调查研究,总结了不同地区和不同鲜食农产品中诺如病毒的污染分布情况和发生季节特点,并对鲜食农产品中诺如病毒的污染来源进行了初步分析。诺如病毒是一种新型食物安全危害因子。自2006年以来,我国由诺如病毒引起的食源性疾病数量逐年持续增长。鲜食农产品是诺如病毒的主要传播载体之一,在生产中易被诺如病毒污染,且后期难以消除。我国对鲜食农产品中诺如病毒的污染研究起步较晚,相关数据积累较少,仅在少数地区检测并发现生菜和浆果中存在诺如病毒污染。在国外被污染的灌溉水被证实是农产品中致病微生物的主要污染来源,在国内由于缺乏灌溉水中诺如病毒污染的相关研究,鲜食农产品中诺如病毒的污染源头尚无法明确。本文通过对鲜食农产品和污水/河水中分离出的诺如病毒进行基因序列比对,初步分析了鲜食农产品的潜在污染来源,为后期开展农产品中诺如病毒的源头防控提供参考,以利于保障鲜食农产品的安全。Based on the investigation results of norovirus contamination of fresh produce in China, norovirus distribution on different types of fresh produce and their seasonal characteristics in different locations were investigated, and contamination sources of norovirus on fresh produce were preliminary analyzed. Norovirus is a new food safety hazard, and norovirus outbreaks have increased since 2006 in China. Fresh produce is a vehicle for norovirus transmission. However, norovirus monitoring of fresh produce started very late in China, and insufficient data have been collected. Also, norovirus contamination of fresh produce has only been monitored and detected on lettuces and berries in some provinces. Fresh produce can be easily contaminated by noroviruses during production, which make it difficult to eliminate noroviruses in the later stages. Contaminated irrigation water is a well-established contamination source of foodborne pathogens for fresh produce. Because no results are available for norovirus contamination in irrigation water, norovirus contamination sources for fresh produce remain unclear in China. In this work, potential norovirus contamination sources of fresh produce were preliminarily analyzed following gene sequence comparison and analysis of noroviruses isolated from fresh produce, sewage and rivers. The findings may assist later source prevention and the control of norovirus on fresh produce, and thereby ensure the safety of fresh produce.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 鲜食农产品 污染情况 潜在污染源 

分 类 号：Q939.46[生物学—微生物学] R373.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]