资产专用性对苹果种植户规模经营意愿的影响——基于有调节的中介效应  

The effect of asset specificity on apple growers’ willingness to scaled operation: An analysis based on moderated mediation effects

作　　者：吴溪溪 张强强[1,2] 霍学喜 马红玉[1] WU Xixi;ZHANG Qiangqiang;HUO Xuexi;MA Hongyu(College of Economics and Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;China Center for Agricultural Policy,School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,杨凌712100 [2]北京大学现代农学院中国农业政策研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《资源科学》2023年第2期403-416,共14页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71573211);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(22YJC790164);陕西省社会科学基金年度项目(2021R011)。

摘　　要：【目的】在农业生产仍以小农经营为主导的基本国情下,农户规模经营意愿是实现农业规模经营和农业现代化的根本前提,专用性资产投资是影响农户规模经营意愿的关键因素,本文结合苹果的生产经营特征,从资产专用性视角分析农户规模经营意愿的形成机理。【方法】利用山东和陕西两个苹果主产省的微观调查数据,运用有序Logit模型实证检验资产专用性对农户规模经营意愿的影响,并重点考察了风险偏好在两者关系中的中介作用以及气候变化感知的调节作用。【结果】(1)农户规模经营意愿较弱,仅有12.20%的样本农户愿意扩大经营规模;(2)资产专用性能够显著促进农户规模经营意愿,主要是土地资产专用性、地理位置专用性和实物资产专用性发挥了促进作用,且前两者的作用更大;而人力资本专用性会抑制农户规模经营意愿。(3)风险偏好在资产专用性与农户规模经营意愿的关系中发挥中介作用。(4)气候变化感知对风险偏好的中介效应具有正向调节作用,即随着农户气候变化感知水平的提升,资产专用性更容易通过提高农户的损失风险厌恶程度进而增强农户的规模经营意愿。【结论】需要激励高资产专用性的农户进行规模经营,完善正规的农业风险规避机制,强化作物优生区的区位优势。[Objective]Agricultural management on a large scale is an important way to promote the modernization of agriculture.Under the national condition that agricultural production is dominated by small-scale farmers,their willingness to scaled operation is the fundamental prerequisite for the realization of large-scale agricultural production and agricultural modernization.The purpose of this study was to analyze the key factors that influence apple growers’willingness to scaled operation and its formation mechanism from the perspective of asset specificity,considering the operation characteristics of perennial apple crops.[Methods]Based on the micro-survey data of 1069 apple growers in Shandong and Shaanxi Provinces,an ordered logit model and a moderated mediation model were used to empirically test the impact of asset specificity on farmers’willingness to scaled operation,and the mediation role of risk preference and the moderating role of climate change perception in the mediation role of risk preference.[Results](1)Farmers’willingness to manage apple production on a large scale was weak,and only 12.20%of the sample farmers were willing to expand their scale of operation.(2)High asset specificity significantly promoted farmers’willingness to scaled operation,mainly through land asset specificity,geographic location specificity,and physical asset specificity,and the former two played a greater role,while human capital specificity inhibited farmers’willingness to scaled operation.(3)Risk preference played a positive mediation role in the relationship between asset specificity and farmers’willingness to scaled operation,that is,high asset specificity enhanced farmers’willingness to scaled operation by increasing their aversion to the risk of loss.(4)Climate change perception had a moderating effect on the mediation role of risk preference,that is,with the improvement of farmers’climate change perception level,high asset specificity was easier to induce farmers’willingness to scaled operation by enhanc

关 键 词：资产专用性 规模经营意愿 风险偏好 气候变化感知 苹果种植户 有调节的中介效应模型 

分 类 号：F326.13[经济管理—产业经济]