2020—2021年潮汕地区学龄前儿童特应性皮炎患病情况及其影响因素  

Prevalence of atopic dermatitis and its influencing factors among preschool children in Chaoshan region in 2020—2021

作　　者：纪燕云 纪夏世 张广浩 郑梓阳 JI Yanyun;JI Xiashi;ZHANG Guanghao;ZHENG Ziyang(Department of Dermatology,the Second People’s Hospital of Shantou,Guangdong Province,Shantou515031,China;Blood Dialysis Unit,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College,Guangdong Province,Shantou515041,China;General Practice Clinic,Maternal and Child Health Center of Jinping District,Guangdong Province,Shantou518028,China;Department of Electrophysiology,the Second People’s Hospital of Shantou,Guangdong Province,Shantou515031,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省汕头市第二人民医院皮肤科,广东汕头515031 [2]汕头大学医学院第二附属医院血透室,广东汕头515041 [3]广东省汕头市金平区妇幼保健院全科门诊,广东汕头518028 [4]广东省汕头市第二人民医院电生理科,广东汕头515031

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2023年第12期70-73,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金资助项目(A2021386);广东省汕头市科技计划医疗卫生类别项目(190524165266941)。

摘　　要：目的研究2020—2021年潮汕地区学龄前儿童特应性皮炎(AD)患病情况及其影响因素。方法通过整群抽样方法对2020年1月至2021年12月潮汕地区240名学龄前儿童进行调查,统计AD患病情况,并采用调查问卷对基本信息、生活习惯、皮肤健康、润肤剂使用情况进行调查分析,并分析其影响因素。结果240名学龄前儿童中57例患有AD,183名未患有AD,患病率为23.75%。AD组每天户外运动时间短于非AD组,使用润肤剂占比低于非AD组,接触毛绒玩具、被动吸烟、饲养宠物、住房附近过敏性植物、皮肤干燥史占比高于非AD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经logistic回归分析,接触毛绒玩具[OR(95%CI)=3.924(1.707~9.017)]、被动吸烟[OR(95%CI)=4.116(1.791~9.451)]、饲养宠物[OR(95%CI)=3.991(1.736~9.172)]、住房附近过敏性植物[OR(95%CI)=4.272(1.858~9.817)]、皮肤干燥史[OR(95%CI)=5.068(2.205~11.648)]为AD的危险因素(P<0.05);每天户外运动时间[OR(95%CI)=0.426(0.185~0.978)]、使用润肤剂[OR(95%CI)=0.378(0.165~0.869)]是AD的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论潮汕地区学龄前儿童AD发病率较高,影响因素复杂多样,应据此采取相应措施减少AD的发生。Objective To study the prevalence of atopic dermatitis(AD)and its influencing factors in preschool children in Chaoshan region from 2020 to 2021.Methods A whole-group sampling method was used to survey 240 preschool children in Chaoshan region from January 2020 to December 2021 to count the prevalence of AD,and a questionnaire was used to investigate and analyze basic information,living habits,skin health,and emollient use,and their influencing factors were analyzed.Results Fifty-seven of the 240 preschoolers had AD and 183 did not,for a prevalence of 23.75%.The AD group had shorter daily outdoor exercise time than the non-AD group,used emollients in a lower proportion than the non-AD group,and had a higher proportion of exposure to stuffed toys,passive smoking,pet ownership,allergic plants near housing,and history of dry skin than the non-AD group,and differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After logistic regression analysis,exposure to stuffed toys(OR[95%CI]=3.924[1.707-9.017]),passive smoking(OR[95%CI]=4.116[1.791-9.451]),pet ownership(OR[95%CI]=3.991[1.736-9.172]),allergic plants near housing(OR[95%CI]=4.272[1.858-9.817]),and history of dry skin(OR[95%CI]=5.068[2.205-11.648])were risk factors for AD(P<0.05);time spent outdoors per day(OR[95%CI]=0.426[0.185-0.978]),use of emollients(OR[95%CI]=0.378[0.165-0.869])were protective factors for AD(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of AD in preschool children in Chaoshan region is high and the influencing factors are complex and diverse,and measures should be taken accordingly to reduce the occurrence of AD.

关 键 词：特应性皮炎 潮汕地区 学龄前儿童 患病情况 影响因素 

分 类 号：R758.2[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]