城市低空空-地MIMO信道模型与特性分析  

Urban low altitude A2G MIMO channel model and characteristics analysis

作　　者：陈伟[1,2] 苏子旭 李昌振 CHEN Wei;SU Zixu;LI Changzhen(School of Automation,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Information Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学自动化学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学信息工程学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（工学版）》2023年第4期489-496,共8页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52102399);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(编号:2022IVA039)。

摘　　要：面向6G空天地海通信一体化研究,提出了一种城市低空空-地三维MIMO(multiple-input multiple-output)信道模型。所提模型将无人机搭载的发射端(transmitter,TX)周围的散射体视为均匀分布在以TX与地面垂线为轴线的圆柱体上,将车辆搭载的接收端(receiver,RX)周围的散射体视为均匀分布在以RX为圆心的圆环上。基于所构建的几何关系,分别对视距分量、圆柱体单跳多径分量、圆环单跳多径分量、圆柱圆环双跳多径分量4种分量进行了特性分析,并对时变信道传递函数进行了推导。基于所提出的信道模型,分别对空、时、频互相关函数进行了分析和讨论,对时延自相关函数、空间互相关函数、频率自相关函数以及散射体数量对相关特性的影响进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明,不同时延、不同天线间距、不同频率间隔以及散射体的分布和数量会对信道统计特性造成显著的影响。Facing the research of the integration of 6G space-air-ground-sea communications integrated,an airto-ground(A2G)three-dimensional multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)channel model for urban low altitude scenario is proposed in this paper.In the proposed model,the scatterers around the transmitter(TX)carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)and around the receiver(RX)carried by a vehicle are regarded as evenly distributed on the cylinder with the vertical line between TX and the ground as the axis and on a ring centered on RX,respectively.Based on the established geometric relationship,the propagation components of line-of-sight,single bounce on the cylinder,single bounce on the ring and double bounces on the cylinder and the ring are analyzed,and the corresponding time-varying channel transfer functions are derived.On the basis of the proposed channel model,the space-time and frequency cross-correlation functions are analyzed and discussed respectively.The influence of the delay autocorrelation function,spatial cross-correlation function,frequency autocorrelation function and the number of scatterers are simulated and analyzed.The simulation results show that different delay,different antenna spacing,different frequency interval and the distribution and quantity of scatterers have a significant impact on the channel statistical characteristics.

关 键 词：空-地通信 MIMO 信道建模 特征分析 无线传播 

分 类 号：TN929[电子电信—通信与信息系统]