黄土丘陵沟壑区农民为何选择撂荒?以宁夏固原为例  

Why Do Farmers Abandon Their Farmland in the Loess Hilly and Gully Region?A Case Study in Guyuan,Western China

作　　者：薛智超 甄霖[2,3] 闫慧敏 胡云峰[2,3] XUE Zhichao;ZHEN Lin;YAN Huimin;HU Yunfeng(School of International Economics and Management,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学国际经管学院,北京100048 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2023年第3期556-566,共11页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research(CRRP2016-04MY-Zhen);The Project for the Innovative Instructor Team Building(19002020005);The National Key Research and Development Program of China Project(2016YFC0503700).

摘　　要：探索影响农户撂荒的因素,是针对性地开展生态脆弱地区土地管理政策调整的基础。本研究选取黄土丘陵沟壑区不同地貌类型的典型村落为研究对象,采用参与式评估框架、关键人物访谈、问卷调查等方法,从多利益相关者角度开展调研,并结合长时序农户调研统计数据,从多时空维度对影响农民撂荒决策的潜在因素进行了探讨。结果表明:(1)在社会维度中,对撂荒决策影响最大的因素是邻居的影响,这是偏远地区农民的从众心理和撂荒地对周边农田可能带来的负面影响综合作用的结果。(2)经济维度的影响因素主要是土地生产力、种植成本和粮食价格等。(3)自然环境因素主要包括道路可达性、坡度和地形起伏等,其中丘陵山区农户对自然环境因素的影响更为敏感。本研究描绘了黄土丘陵沟壑地区耕地撂荒与区域利益相关者交互响应的综合画像,为探索遏制撂荒可能带来的负面影响的路径提供了参考,并为进一步开展撂荒行为的空间变化模拟与管理决策支持奠定了基础。Exploring the driving mechanism and factors influencing farmers’decisions regarding farmland abandonment is fundamental for the targeted control of land abandonment and the adjustment of land management policies,especially for ecologically fragile areas.This study used Guyuan,a typical hilly and gully region,as a study area and employed the framework of a participatory assessment workshop,key informant interviews,and questionnaires to obtain data from stakeholders at multiple levels.The descriptive statistical analyses were carried out from social,economic,and natural aspects to explore the factors affecting farmers’decisions to abandon farmland in the hilly and gully regions.By combining multiple levels of stakeholders and multiple sources of data,the multi-spatial-temporal analysis effectively allowed us to conduct a comprehensive and thorough exploration of the potential factors affecting farmers'land abandonment decisions using this framework.The results revealed important aspects of the main social,economic and environmental factors.(1)Among the social factors,the influence of neighbours is the most influential,owing to the herd mentality of farmers and the negative impact of abandoned farmland on surrounding farmland.Additional factors are declining employment opportunities and grain subsidies.(2)The main economic factors affecting farmers’abandonment of farming are land productivity,farming costs,and grain price.(3)The main environmental factors include road accessibility,slope and terrain relief,and farmers living in hilly and mountainous areas are more sensitive.This research provides comprehensive knowledge about the trade-offs associated with land abandonment and local stakeholders in the Loess hilly and gully region of China,a reference for finding possible pathways to halt the negative impacts,and a solid foundation for the statistical and spatial model building to simulate the abandonment scale,spatial-temporal evolutionary process,and the risk of abandonment for political reference.

关 键 词：黄土丘陵沟壑区 撂荒 农户意愿 多利益相关者参与 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]