创业生态系统与国家创业成长愿望——基于NCA与fsQCA方法的混合研究  

Entrepreneurial Ecosystem and National-Level Entrepreneurial Growth Aspiration:A Mixed Study based on fsQCA and NCA Approach

作　　者：程建青 刘秋辰 杜运周[2,3] CHENG Jianqing;LIU Qiuchen;DU Yunzhou(Business School,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,Yunnan,China;School of Economics&Management,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China;Institute of Management Philosophy and Methodology,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China)

机构地区：[1]云南财经大学商学院,昆明650221 [2]东南大学经济管理学院,南京210096 [3]东南大学管理哲学与方法论研究所,南京210096

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2023年第3期80-97,共18页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72233001,72274164,72072030);国家社会科学基金青年项目(19CGL007);“兴滇英才支持计划”项目(云人社通[2022]51号)。

摘　　要：创业成长愿望对企业持续成长与区域经济发展具有重大意义。整合创业生态系统的6大要素,结合NCA与fsQCA两种新兴方法,以2019年《全球创业观察》报告的49个国家为案例,挖掘创业生态系统驱动创业成长愿望的因果复杂机制。结果发现:单个创业生态系统要素并不构成高创业成长愿望的必要条件,然而,支持创业的社会规范在产生高创业成长愿望方面发挥着更普遍的作用;产生高创业成长愿望的创业生态系统有3类,即金融与市场助力的机会开发型合法性驱动、基础设施助力的机会涌现型合法性驱动、人才与市场助力的机会开发型合法性驱动,其中,金融与市场助力的机会开发型合法性驱动是产生高创业成长愿望的主要路径;产生非高创业成长愿望的创业生态系统有2类,它们与产生高创业成长愿望的创业生态系统存在非对称性关系。High entrepreneurship quality such as high entrepreneurial growth aspiration(EGA) can allow firm to gain sustained competitive advantages,promote regional economic prosperity more effectively.Prior research have focused on the "net effect" of individual institutional elements on EGA,but fail to explore the necessary relationship between specific institutional elements,and the sufficient relationship between institution system and the EGA.Based on entrepreneurial ecosystem(EE) framework,by conducting mixed approach of necessary condition analysis(NCA) as well as fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA),we explore the causal complexity relationship between entrepreneurial ecosystems(combinations of six explanatory attributes such as financial capital,government policy,human capital,market environment,physical infrastructure,social norm) and EGA,our data is collected from49 countries in 2019 global entrepreneurship monitor(GEM) Report.Results suggest as follows:(1) Any single explanatory attribute of EE does not constitute a necessary condition for high EGA,however,high social norm plays a more general role in generating high EGA;(2) There are 3 equifinal configurations of EE which can generate high EGA,namely,the recipe of financial capital and market freedom to exploit entrepreneurial opportunity driven by legitimacy,which is a primary path for high EGA among these 3 ones,the recipe of infrastructure to create entrepreneurial opportunity driven by legitimacy,the recipe of human capital and market freedom to exploit entrepreneurial opportunity driven by legitimacy;(3) There are 2 equifinal configurations of EE for low EGA,which is casual asymmetry compared with the configurations of EE that produce high EGA.The theoretical contributions highlight as follows:(1) Based on entrepreneurial ecosystem theory,we integrate the six explanatory attributes of EE,explore necessary relationship between the single explanatory attributes of EE and high EGA,which is beyond their correlational relationship;(2) Anchored in

关 键 词：创业成长愿望 创业生态系统 必要条件分析(NCA) 模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA) 

分 类 号：G312[文化科学]