刨煤机刨刀在典型载荷作用下的变形及应力规律研究  

Research on deformation and stress law of coal plow bit with typical loads

作　　者：康晓敏[1] 吕凤林 邵佳伟 王子 李想 KANG Xiao-min;LYU Feng-lin;SHAO Jia-wei;WANG Zi;LI Xiang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学机械工程学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《机械设计》2023年第3期90-101,共12页Journal of Machine Design

摘　　要：刨煤机是薄煤层开采的主要机械,刨刀是刨煤机刨削煤的工具。由于煤层结构复杂多变,在刨削过程中刨刀会受到不同形式的载荷作用,这些载荷对刨刀的刨削性能和刨煤机生产率有着重要影响。文中选取恒定载荷、Normal分布的随机载荷、Γ(Gamma)分布的随机载荷、冲击载荷4种典型载荷及实验测试载荷。基于破煤理论,对单把刨刀进行受力分析。基于ANSYS Workbench对典型载荷及实验载荷作用下的刨刀应力和变形规律进行研究。基于小波能量谱对等效应力信号进行能量谱分析。结果表明:当刨刀受到的载荷为恒定载荷、Normal分布的随机载荷和冲击载荷时刨削阻力(均值)增大确定的倍数,其最大变形量及受到的最大等效应力也会增大相应的倍数;实验测试载荷与Γ(Gamma)分布的随机载荷不会增大相应的倍数。刨刀变形量及所受等效应力的变化趋势与刨削阻力变化趋势一致;刀头部位变形最大且最大等效应力出现在刀头与刀身的连接处及刀身与底座连接处,等效应力信号的能量主要集中在0~1.562 5Hz的较低频带中,实验测试载荷时能量主要集中在0~3.875 Hz。对刨刀在典型载荷和实验测试载荷作用下的变形、应力及应力信号能量分布的规律研究,为刨刀的结构设计及优化,刨刀的破坏和可靠性分析,提高刨刀刨削性能和刨煤机工作效率等提供了理论依据。The coal plow is the main machine for thin seam mining,and the plow bit is the tool of the coal plow.Due to the coal seam’s complex and variable structure,the plow bit is subject to different forms of load during cutting,which has important effects on the plow bit’s cutting performance of and the coal plow’s productivity.In this article,four typical loads are selected:the constant load,the random load with Normal distribution,the random load withΓ(Gamma)distribution,the impact load;the experimental load is also selected.Based on the theory of coal breaking,the force of a single bit is analyzed.With the help of ANSYS Workbench,the stress and deformation law of the plow bit with the typical loads and the experimental load are explored.By means of the wavelet energy spectrum,the equivalent stress signal is analyzed.The results show that when the plow bit is subject to the constant load,the random load with Normal distribution and the impact load,the cutting resistance(mean value)increases by a definite multiple,and the maximum deformation and the maximum equivalent stress also increase by a corresponding multiple.When the plow bit is subject to the experimental load and the random load of theΓ(Gamma)distribution,the mean value don’t increase by a corresponding multiple.The variation trend of the plow bit’s deformation and equivalent stress is consistent with that of cutting resistance.The bit head’s deformation is the largest,and the maximum equivalent stress appears at the joint of the bit head and the bit body as well as the joint of the bit body and the base.The energy of the equivalent stress signal is mainly concentrated in the lower frequency band of 0~1.5625 Hz,and the energy mainly concentrated in the 0~3.875 Hz with the experimental load.The research on the plow bit’s deformation,stress and stress signal energy distribution with the typical loads provides theoretical basis for the plow bit’s structural design and optimization,failure and reliability analysis,and improvement of cutting perf

关 键 词：刨煤机 刨刀 载荷 变形 

分 类 号：TD421[矿业工程—矿山机电]