金属的吸氢和氢的状态及影响  

Hydrogen absorption of metal and state of hydrogen and its influence

作　　者：李星国[1] LI Xingguo(College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,Peking University,State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学化学与分子工程学院,稀土材料化学及其应用国家重点实验室,北京分子科学国家研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《金属功能材料》2023年第2期1-12,共12页Metallic Functional Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51971004)

摘　　要：氢对金属性能的影响非常敏感,不论是从防止氢的不利影响,还是积极利用氢能的角度上都需要更深地理解氢和金属的相互作用。以工业常用金属为对象,对氢进入金属的过程和在金属中的状态、氢在金属中的固溶及位置、影响氢浓度的因素、氢扩散行为、金属-氢相图以及氢对金属性能影响的规律等内容进行了整理,从电子、原子、晶体结构、热力学等方面进行理解,以通俗易懂的方式进行了介绍。Hydrogen affects metal properties very sensitively.Whether from preventing the harmful effect of hydrogen or actively using hydrogen energy,it is necessary to have a deeper understanding of the interaction between hydrogen and metal.Taking the commonly used metals in industry as the main object,from the aspects of electron,atom,crystal structure and thermodynamics,the process of hydrogen entering the metal and its state in the metal,the solid solution and position of hydrogen in the metal,the factors affecting the hydrogen concentration,the diffusion behavior of hydrogen,the metal hydrogen phase diagram and the law of the influence of hydrogen on the properties of metal were summarized and introduced.

关 键 词：金属 氢吸附 氢固溶 氢扩散 金属-氢相图 

分 类 号：TG14[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]