Lithosphere architecture characterized by crust±mantle decoupling controls the formation of orogenic gold deposits  

作　　者：Zengqian Hou Qingfei Wang Haijiang Zhang Bo Xu Nian Yu Rui Wang David IGroves Yuanchuan Zheng Shoucheng Han Lei Gao Lin Yang 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China [2]State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China [3]School of Earth and Space Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China [4]School of Electrical Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China [5]Centre for Exploration Targeting,University of Western Australia,Crawley 6009,Australia

出　　处：《National Science Review》2023年第3期71-85,共15页国家科学评论（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1839205 to H.Z.,42121002 to R.W.,42074081 to N.Y.,42125203 to Q.F.and 42102107 to Y.L.);the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF0800903 to Z.H.);the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB 41000000 to H.Z.);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2080000 to H.Z.);the Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology(BP0719021)。

摘　　要：This study,via combined analysis of geophysical and geochemical data,reveals a lithospheric architecture characterized by crust-mantle decoupling and vertical heat-flow conduits that control orogenic gold mineralization in the Ailaoshan gold belt on the southeastern margin of Tibet.The mantle seismic tomography indicates that the crust-mantle decoupled deformation,defined from previous seismic anisotropy analysis,was formed by upwelling and lateral flow of the asthenosphere,driven by deep sub duction of the Indian continent,Our magnetotelluric and seismic images show both a vertical conductor across the Moho and high Vp/Vs anomalies both in the uppermost mantle and lowest crust,suggesting that crust-mantle decoupling promotes ponding of mantle-derived basic melts at the base of the crust via a heat-flow conduit.Noble gas isotope and halogen ratios of gold-related ore minerals indicate a mantle source of ore fluid.A rapid decrease in Cl/F ratios of lamprophyres under conditions of 1.2 GPa and1050℃suggests that the ore fluid was derived from degassing of the basic melts.Similar lithospheric architecture is recognized in other orogenic gold provinces,implying analogous formational controls.

关 键 词：crust-mantle decoupling lithosphere architecture orogenic gold deposit seismic tomography magnetotelluric imaging Tibet 

分 类 号：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学]